海口湾表层海水中PAHs的时空分布特征及来源分析技术方案.doc

海口湾表层海水中PAHs的时空分布特征及来源分析 摘要：以海口湾4个位点的表层水为监测对象，采用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)测定水体中16种多环芳烃(PAHs）的不同季节的含量与分布特征，以评估海口湾不同时空下表层水PAHs的污染程度，并分析PAHs污染的来源。结果表明：海口湾4个位点的表层水PAHs污染存在空间差异性和时间差异性。表层海水中秋冬季PAHs平均含量高于春夏季，四个采样点中，PAHs总量由高到低的顺序1号2号4号3号；不同采样点PAHs各组分的含量不尽相同，二环PAHs的平均浓度较高，3-4环次之，5-6环在部分采样点中未有检出。PAHs组分结构分析表明二环、三环和四环占PAHs总量的比例较大，五环和六环中的很少中图分类号： 文献标识码：A 文章编号： istribution and Sources of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Surface Seawater from Coastal Areas of the Haikou Bay Abstract：Temporal and spatial distributions, pollution source of PAHs in different seasons were studied in surface seawater from four typical sampling sites in Haikou coastal areas. The 16 parent PAHs were qualified by solid phase extraction and High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) with fluorescent detection. The results showed distribution of PAHs in surface seawater of Haikou Bay had indicated the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics. The average concentrations of PAHs in Winter and Autumn were higher than that of in Spring and Summer. The total PAHs concentrations from different area descended in the order: sampling site 1sampling site 2sampling site 4sampling site 3. PAHs composition profiles in different sampling sites was different. Naphthalene with 2 rings was dominant among PAH compounds,.5-6 rings was not detected in some sites. The ratios of Flua/Pyr suggested that petroleum-derived contamination may be the dominant source of PAHs in the surface seawater in Haikou coastal areas. The results indicated that the surface seawater of Haikou Bay had been threatened by PAHs pollution, the PAHs in aquatic environment of Haikou Bay resulted in potential ecosystem risk. Key words: Haikou coastal areas, surface seawater, PAHs, spatio-temporal distribution, source 引言 多环芳烃(Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons,PAHs)是一类含有两个或两个以上苯环的芳香族有机化合物，其熔、沸点较高，具有疏水性、蒸汽压小、辛醇-水分配系数高等特点[1]。它是普遍存在于环境中的持久性有机污染物，美国环保署公布的16 种优先控制PAHs 中大多数都具有致癌、致畸和致突变效应，能够对生物体内的酶系统产生抑制作用，对免疫组织有毒害效应，并且对海洋生物有急性毒理效应[2,3,4]。由于PAHs具有致癌、致畸和致突