Grammar No.1形容词的比较级和最高级.docxVIP

形容词的比较级和最高级 一、比较级/最高级的构成： （1）规则变化： ① 单音节和部分双音节的形容词一般在词尾加-er或-est。 eg: calm→ calmer→ calmest tall→ taller→ tallest smart→ smarter→ smartest ② 以字母e结尾的直接在词尾加-r或-st eg: nice→ nicer→ nicest fine→ finer→ finest large→ larger→ largest ③ 以“辅音+y” 结尾的词，变y为i，再加-er或-est。 eg: early→ earlier→ earliest happy→ happier→ happiest busy→ busier→ busiest ④ 以重读闭音节的单个辅音字母结尾的词，双写辅音字母，再加-er或-est。 eg: big→ bigger→ biggest thin→ thinner→ thinnest (big thin hot red wet sad fat fit) ⑤ 多音节或部分双音节的形容词在原级前面加more或most。 eg: popular→ more popular→ important→ more important→ slowly→ more slowly→ （2）不规则变化： 少数形容词的比较级变化是不规则的： much/many→ more→ most little→ less→ least good/well→ better→ best bad/badly/ill→ worse→ worst far→ farther→ farthest (更远些) old→ older→ oldest（更大些） → further→ furthest（更深入） → elder→ eldest（年长些） 二、原级的用法。 1. 表达“A和B一样”，用as…as的结构。 句式: A+be动词+as+形容词原级+as+B A+实义动词+as+副词原级+as+B eg: I am as tall as you.我和你一样高。 He runs as fast as I. 他跑得和我一样快。 He is as tall as me. 他与我一样高。 He is as old as me. 他与我一样大。 He isnt as/so old as me. 他没我大。 2．表达“A不如B”用not as(so)…as的结构。 句式: A+be动词的否定形式+as+形容词原级+as+B A+助词的否定形式+动词+as(so)+形容词原级+as +B eg: I am not as tall as you.我没有你高。 He doesn’t run as fast as I. 他没有我跑得快。 3. 只能修饰原级的词 very, quite, pretty, really, too, so, enough等。 eg: I am pretty healthy. English is so difficult. 4. 感叹句中用原级。 eg: What an interesting book! 5. “less+形容词/副词的原级+ than”可与“not as/so +形容词/副词原级+as”互换。 eg: He isn’t as old as I.=He is less old than me. =He is ______ than me. =I’m ______ than he /him. He doesn’t run as fast as I. = He runs less fast than me. = He runs ______ ______ than me. = I run ______ than him. 他跑得没我快。 Chinese isn’t as difficult as English. =English is less difficult than Chinese. 语文没有英语难。 三、比较级的用法: 1. 表达“A大于B”用“比较级+than”的结构。 句式: A+be动词+形容词比较级+than+B… A+实义动词+副词比较级+than+B… eg: I am taller than you.我比你高。 He runs