我国法院适用《纽约公约》的新问题及其案例研究.doc

摘 要 随着国际商事贸易往来的日益频繁，争端的产生不可避免，仲裁以其专业性、独立性、可执行性强等特点日益成为最为广泛采用的商事争议解决方式。这其中1958年签署的《纽约公约》的推动作用功不可没。它可以称作是国际商事仲裁发展史上具有里程碑意义的国际立法，它的诸多进步意义使得仲裁裁决获得了最广泛范围内的可执行性。 我国自1987年加入《纽约公约》以来，该公约就成为我国法院承认与执行外国仲裁裁决的最主要的法律依据。在二十多年的司法实践中，我国法院依据公约处理了相当数量的案例，也积累了不少宝贵经验。但随着近年来国际商事仲裁案件的复杂性日益增强，我国法院在适用公约时也面临一些新的问题和挑战。 本文从最近几年我国法院处理的众多案例中选取了“宁波工艺品公司案”、“展诚公司案”以及“易居公司案”三个典型案例，对案例的仲裁过程、申请承认与执行时诉辩双方的意见以及各级法院处理案件时表达的不同意见进行了分析，由此引申出在适用公约过程中新出现的“非内国裁决”认定问题、仲裁协议的法律适用问题以及公共政策问题。接着文章对该三个问题所对应的公约条文内容进行总结，找出其背后的理论支撑和本质原理。“非内国裁决”为外国仲裁机构在我国作出的仲裁裁决的承认与执行提供法律依据，暂时缓解了我国仲裁立法与国际主流理论间关于仲裁裁决国籍认定标准问题上的矛盾。在仲裁协议法律适用的问题上，公约制定了判断仲裁协议有效性的统一冲突法规范，为我国法院在司法实践中如何寻找仲裁协议准据法提供了法律依据。在公共政策问题上，我国法院要谨慎适用，以客观说作为适用公共政策的标准，要区分国际公共政策和国内公共政策，把公共政策作为拒绝承认与执行仲裁裁决的例外情形看待。最后，本文针对这三个具体问题提出了自己对今后司法实践完善与改进的建议。 关键词：《纽约公约》 案例 非内国裁决 仲裁协议的法律适用 公共政策  Abstract With more and more international commercial trade happened, the disputes are unavoidable. Arbitration based on its professionalism, independence and enforceability has become the most widely used solution for commercial disputes. There is no doubt that the New York Convention signed in 1958 plays an important role in this process. It can be called the landmark international legislation in the history of international commercial arbitration development. Its significant progress makes the arbitral awards can get the most widely enforcement around the world. As a member of New York Convention since 1987, the Convention has become the most important legal basis for our courts to recognize and enforce the foreign arbitral awards. During more than 20 years of judicial practice, our courts have dealt with a considerable number of cases and also accumulated much valuable experience. But with the increasing complexity of international commercial arbitration cases, our courts are also facing some new problems and challenges in the application of the Convention. This thesis selects three typical cases from many cases that our courts handled in recent years. This thesis analyses the arbi