6-9偏振程序.ppt

第六章 光的偏振和晶体光学基础 人为双折射概念 人为双折射的应用 6.5.1 应力双折射－光弹性效应 偏振光干涉仪原理图 Stress-Induced Birefringence in Diamond More Photoelasticity If theres not enough stress in a medium to begin with, you can always add more yourself! Photoelasticity: “Stress-induced Birefringence” Clear plastic triangle between parallel and crossed polarizers The Pockels Effect An electric field can induce birefringence. 6.5.2 电致双折射－电光效应 一次电光效应(普克尔斯Pockels效应) 普克尔斯效应的应用 2.用于线性电光调制 The Q-Switch 二次电光效应(克尔(Kerr)效应) “二次电光效应”的应用 6.5.3 磁光效应 2. 磁致旋光(法拉第(Faraday)效应) The Faraday Effect A magnetic field can induce optical activity. 产生法拉第效应的原因 磁致旋光与自然旋光的区别 “光隔离器”或“光学二极管” 4.克尔(Kerr)磁光效应 应用磁光盘的二进制数字信息存储 磁光盘的写入方法 磁光盘信息的读出 思考题 * E B k §6.5 人为双折射 0° Polarizer Mirror 0° Polarizer Mirror An artificially grown diamond with nitrogen impurities Caused by strain associated with growth boundaries Clear plastic between crossed polarizers You can use this effect to improve the performance of polarizers. Parallel Crossed You should see this in color! The Pockels effect allows control over the polarization rotation. In high-power lasers, we desire to prevent the laser from lasing until we’ve finished dumping all the energy into the laser medium. Then we let it lase. A Pockels’ cell is the way we do this. The Pockels’ cell switches (in a few nanoseconds) from a quarter-wave plate to nothing. Before switching After switching Pockels’ cell as wave plate w/ axes at ±45° 0° Polarizer Mirror Pockels’ cell as an isotropic medium 0° Polarizer Mirror Light becomes circular on the first pass and then horizontal on the next and is then rejected by the polarizer. Light is unaffected by the Pockels’ cell and hence is passed by the polarizer. The Faraday effect allows control over the polarization rotation. *