年代学2013-05.ppt

同位素地质年代学 稀释剂制备 不同稀释剂的赋存介质(不同酸介质) 不同分析对象(岩性或矿物种类) 配制稀释剂的浓度 混合稀释剂或单种稀释剂 混合稀释剂中不同稀释剂的比例 稀释剂组成和浓度的标定 同位素组成标定 采用质谱计测量同位素比值 (a) 单稀释剂，直接测定 (b) 混合稀释剂，纯化后测定 稀释剂组成和浓度的标定 浓度标定 采用标准溶液标定 (a) 单稀释剂, 均匀混合后直接测定 (b) 混合稀释剂，均匀混合，纯化后测定 采用标准岩石粉末或矿物标定 (a) 单稀释剂，均匀混合，纯化后测定 (b) 混合稀释剂，均匀混合，纯化后测定 同位素分析使用的标准物质 1. 同位素标准物质/溶液 a. 具有自然界同位素丰度的 Sr同位素NBS987; Pb同位素NBS981; … b. 人为富集的、非自然界同位素丰度的 Pb同位素NBS982; U500; … 2. 标准岩石粉末物质和矿物标准 玄武岩BCR-1粉末; Temora锆石; … 使用标准物质主要目的 检验同位素分析流程 监控质谱计稳定性和测试结果可靠性 实验室之间的测量数据对比 稀释剂含量标定 测量数据校正和对比 … * Isotope Parent-Daughter System D = D0 + N (elt-1) 87Sr/86Sr = (87Sr/86Sr)0 + 87Rb/86Sr(elt – 1) t = (D-D0) N ln l 1 + 1 87Sr/86Sr = (87Sr/86Sr)0 + 87Rb/86Sr(elt – 1) The values of 87Sr/86Sr ratio of samples can be obtained by the measurement using a mass spectrometer The initial values of 87Sr/86Sr ratio of samples can be estimated or obtained by the isochron method How about the value of 87Rb/86Sr ratio? For calculation of the value of 87Rb/86Sr ratio, we need to know: Contents of Rb and Sr Sr isotopic abundance of individual sample or Sr isotopic ratios (84Sr/86Sr, 87Sr/86Sr, 88Sr/86Sr) Rb isotopic abundance or 85Rb/87Rb ratio (2.59265, we have already known) Methods to obtain the contents of Rb and Sr Measurements using the x-ray fluorescence (XRF), inductively-coupled spectrometry (ICP) techniques Measurements using the isotope dilution method (同位素稀释法), the most accurate method How to calculate atomic amounts (mol) of 87Rb and 86Sr and 87Rb/86Sr atomic ratios of individual sample from the contents of Rb and Sr (ppm) and isotopic ratios of Rb and Sr? 85Rb 87Rb 72.17% 27.83% 铷 (Rubidium) Group 1 alkali metal, trace element in the Earth Atomic abundance Atomic abundance ratio: 85Rb/87Rb = 2.59265 a constant throughout the Earth, moon and most meteorites due to isotopic homogenization in the solar nebula. Calculation of atomic amounts of 87Rb (mol) Concentration of Rb = CRb Average atom