虚拟语态详解.ppt

* * 1 、我多希望能和你一块去那儿。 2、 我不知道你能否让我用你的车。 比较：3、我多希望和你一块去了那儿。 4、我在想你能否让我用你的车。 How I wish I can go there with you! I don’t know whether I can use your car or not. How I wish I had been there with you! I was wondering if you would let me use your car. Subjunctive Mood 虚拟语气 I. 概述 语气 (mood) 是动词的一种形式,它表示动词的作用和说话人对动作或状态的态度。 英语动词有三种语气: 陈述语气、 祈使语气和虚拟语气。 虚拟语气 ( subjunctive Mood ) 表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实,而是说话人的主观愿望, 假设或推测。 谓语动词形式 所指时间 从 句 主 句 现 在 过 去 将 来 were 型 should/would/ could/might be型 had been 型 should be 型 或 were 型或were to + be型 should / would / might / could/ have been 型 II. 虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的用法 should /would / could /might be型 III. 虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的用法举例: 1. 表示对现在情况的虚拟: If he had time, he would / could / might go with you. If I were you, I should / would / could / might tell him the truth. 2. 表示对过去情况的虚拟: If I had had the money last year, I should / would / could /might have bought a house. He would / could / might / have telephoned you immediately, if he had won the game. 3. 表示对将来情况的虚拟: If he should come / came / were to come, I should / would / could / might ask him about it. If there should be / were / were to be something wrong, they would / could / might let you know at once. If 的省略 如果条件从句中有were, had 或 should, 可以把 if 省略, 把这几个词放到主语之前, 构成主谓倒装, 如: If I were you, I would not do it. If I were to meet him tomorrow, I should ask him about it. If I had time, I would go. Were I you, … Were I to meet him tomorrow, … Had I time, … If he had been more careful, such mistakes could have been avoided. If you should change your mind, no one would blame you. = Had he been more careful, … = Should you change your mind, … 错综时间非真实条件句 在非真实条件句中, 主句与从句所指的时间通常一致的, 但有时可能不一致, 这种句子被称为错综时间非真实条件句(unreal conditional sentence of mixed time). 这种句子需根据句意来选择适当的虚拟形式, 如: He would be dead now if the doctor had not operated on him right away. If I were rich, I would ha