美国文学期末考试总结四.docVIP

文学史划分 I. Colonial Period II. Romantic Period ： 1 . Pre-Romanticism 2 . Transcendentalism 3 . Post-Romanticism III. Realistic Period ： 1 . Critical Realism 2 . Local Colorism 3 . Psychological Realism IV. The Modern Period V. Post-modern Period 论美国学者的重要性This address has been considered as America’s intellectual declaration of independence, in which Emerson, though not rejecting the past, raised the need for original thinking and for fresh examination of the past and the present. Hawthorne His Themes in Writing: Moral allegories The sinful man Hypocrisy The Dark side of Human Nature Religion in Nature His Most Famous Works The House of Seven Gables The Scarlet Letter The Minister’s Black Veil Young Goodman Brown Why do you tremble? ----on every visage a black veil! At the end of the story when Mr. Hooper suggests that everyone is wearing a veil. He is saying that none of them are free from sin; the only difference between him and them is that he recognizes his sin instead of acts as though he is without it. Allan Poe A. Theory Poems should be short, concise and readable at one sitting; The aim of poem writing is beauty; the most beautiful thing described by a poem is the death of a beautiful woman; the desirable tone of a poem is melancholy; He opposed didactic poems; He stressed the form of poem, especially the beautiful and neat rhyme. B. Famous poems: “The Raven”, “Annabel Lee”, “To Helen” etc. C. All his poems were written according to his poetry theory and his poems have strong dreamy color. Walt Whitman Whitman’s Themes Transcendent power of love, brotherhood, and comradeship Imaginative projection into others’ lives Optimistic faith in democracy and equality Belief in regenerative and illustrative powers of nature and its value as a teacher Equivalence of body and soul and the unabashed exaltation of the body and sexuality Whitman’s Poetic Techniques Free verse: lack of metrical regularity and conventional rhyme Use of repeated images, symbols,