Lec03(数字电路第三节).pptVIP

Jin. UESTC Digital Logic Design and ApplicationJin YanhuaLecture #3 Two’s-Complement Addition and Subtraction BCD code, Gray code, Character Codes, Codes for Actions, Conditions, and States Last Time Positional Number Systems General Positional-Number-System Conversion Radix-r-to-Decimal Decimal-to-Radix-r ? Integer Part: divide by r, take remainder ? Fractional Part: multiply by r, take integer part maybe unending Addition and Subtraction of Nondecimal Numbers addend, augend, carry in, carry out, sum subtrahend, minuend, borrow in, borrow out, difference Representation of Signed Numbers Signed-Magnitude representation 1 sign bit + a number of magnitude bits natural for humans, but worse for machine arithmetic Complement Number Systems Negates a number by taking its complement instead of negating the sign Not natural for humans, but better for machine arithmetic Radix-Complement: rn–number Diminished Radix-Complement: rn–1–number Must first decide how many bits to represent the number Representation of Signed Numbers Ones’-Complement Representation (二进制反码) Two’s-Complement Representation (二进制补码) 2.6 Two’s-Complement Addition and Subtraction Addition Rules: By ordinary binary addition, ignoring any carries beyond the MSB No different cases based on operands’ signs! 2.6 Two’s-Complement Addition and Subtraction Overflow, occurs if result is out of range How to detect? if the addends’ signs are the same but the sum’s sign is different from the addends’. If the carries into and out of the sign position are different. 符号位的 cin ≠ cout 2.6 Two’s-Complement Addition and Subtraction Subtraction Rules: Taking subtrahend’s 2’s-complement, then add it to minuend Negating the subtrahend, adding the minuend with Cin=1 4-bit two’s-complement numbers 4-bit unsigned numbers 2.10 Binary Codes for Decimal Numbers Code —— a set of n-bit strings in which different bit strings represent different num