TheAttributiveClause讲解.docVIP

The Attributive Clause 基本概念： 在主从复合句中，放在某一名词，代词后面，对名词，代词起修饰，限制，补充说明的句子，也被称为形容词性从句，其中被修饰的名词，代词叫先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系词，关系词根据其在定语从句中的功能，分为关系代词，关系副词，关系词一方面引导从句，把主句与从句联接起来，另一方面它们代替先行词在句中充当一定的成分。 关系代词： that, which, who, whom, whose, as 关系副词： when, where, why 限制性定语从句译为“…的…” 非限制性定语从句译为并列句 I、限制性定语从句 关系代词： 作主语：指人（who, that）; 指物（which, that） A plane is a machine that/which can fly. The girl that/who is sitting by the window is my sister. The person that/who leaves the room last should turn off the lights. Notice : 1） 关系代词在定语从句中作主语，关系代词不能省略。 2）The students who are singing belong to Class Two. 关系代词在定语从句中作主语，从句中谓语动词应和先行词保持一致。 Eg: I, who_____ your teacher, will try my best to help you. be The Great Wall is one of the world-famous buildings that______ lots of visitors. draw The Great wall is the only one of the buildings on the earth that_______ seen from the moon. be 3） one of + 复数名词+ 定语从句结构中，如果先行词在定语从句中作主语，从句谓语动词用复数；如果其前有the 或 the only 修饰，从句谓语动词用单数。 2．作宾语：关系代词可作动词或介词的宾语，如果先行词是人，可以用 who, that, whom, 而且可以省略；如果先行词是物，可以用 which, that, 也可以省略，但是如果作介词宾语，介词提前的话，指人只能用 whom, 指物只能用 which. e.g. The professor whom you want to see is in the lab. I still remember the place that/which we visited last year. The house which/that he lives in is very beautiful. The house in which he lives is very beautiful. 有些固定搭配，介词不能提前 look after , look for 等。 3. 作表语：先行词在定语从句中作表语，不管是人，是物都用that, 而且可以省略。 e.g. My hometown is no longer the place that it used to be. Helen looks like the girl that she was ten years ago. 作定语：whose 指人或指物，后面直接加名词，且名词前不能有冠词 e.g. This is the lab whose windows face south. He is the man whose car was stolen last year. Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase, _______ was very reasonable, A. its price B. which price C. the price of whom D. whose the price E. of which the price 5. 关系代词as可以指人，也可以指物，在句中可以作主语，宾语，表语，先行词常有such, the same 修饰或者先行词本身就是 such, the same. 1 先行词前有such修饰或 such 本身为先行词。 e.g. Such people as you describe are rare nowadays. We have found such materials as are