The Effect of Irradiatied Adsorbed Species on cellulose by ESR.pptVIP

Glucose→Ethanol Fermentation C6H12O6 → 2 C2H5OH + 2 CO2 Combustion C2H5OH + 3 O2 → 2 CO2 + 3 H2O Lignin Lignin structure made up primarily of methoxylated polyphenol rings The Effect of Free Radical Precursors on the Radiolysis of Cellulose Matthew O’Reilly Senior Comprehensive Exam Catholic University Chemistry Dept. Outline Cellulose and its degradation Methods of pre-treatment Experimental Approaches Acknowledgements Cellulosic Ethanol Cellulosic ethanol is the preferred biofuel Cellulose is one of the most widespread natural polymers and is a key component of plant’s cell walls The production of cellulosic ethanol biofuel is based on fermentation of glucose derived from plant cellulose. Producing cellulose (and subsequently ethanol) from cellulose is difficult because of the complex and rigid structure of the lignocellulosic materials of the cell walls in plant materials Pre-treatment with chemicals or radiation is necessary in order to break down the lignocellulosic structure and produce cellulose fragments Process Flow Sheet of Plant Material to Ethanol Lignocellulosic Plant Material ↓ Cellulose and large fragments ↓ Glucose ( and xylose etc.) ↓ Ethanol Pre-treatment (e.g. AFEX, other acids or bases) Hydrolysis (enzymatic or acidic) Fermentation Cellulose Structure Mosier, N.; Wyman, C.; Dale,B.; Elander,R.; Lee,Y.; Holtzapple,M; Ladisch,M. Features of promising technologies for pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass. BioResource Technology 2005, 96, 673-686. Mosier, N.; Wyman, C.; Dale,B.; Elander,R.; Lee,Y.; Holtzapple,M; Ladisch,M. Features of promising technologies for pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass. BioResource Technology. 2005, 96, 673-686. Mosier, N.; Wyman, C.; Dale,B.; Elander,R.; Lee,Y.; Holtzapple,M; Ladisch,M. Features of promising technologies for pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass. BioResource Technology. 2005,