实验二 MATAB基础知识(二).docVIP

Experiment 1. Fundamental Knowledge of Matlab (II) 【Experimental Purposes】 1、熟悉并掌握MATLAB的工作环境。 2、运行简单命令，实现数组及矩阵的输入输出，了解在MATLAB下如何绘图。 【Experimental Principle】 1. Vectors Lets start off by creating something simple, like a vector. Enter each element of the vector (separated by a space) between brackets, and set it equal to a variable. For example, to create the vector a, enter into the MATLAB command window (you can copy and paste from your browser into MATLAB to make it easy): a = [1 2 3 4 5 6 9 8 7] MATLAB should return: a = 1 2 3 4 5 6 9 8 7 To generate a series that does not use the default of incrementing by 1, specify an additional value with the colon operator (first:step:last). In between the starting and ending value is a step value that tells MATLAB how much to increment (or decrement, if step is negative) between each number it generates. To generate a vector with elements between 0 and 20, incrementing by 2(this method is frequently used to create a time vector), use t = 0:2:20 t = 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 Manipulating vectors is almost as easy as creating them. First, suppose you would like to add 2 to each of the elements in vector a. The equation for that looks like: b = a + 2 b = 3 4 5 6 7 8 11 10 9 Now suppose, you would like to add two vectors together. If the two vectors are the same length, it is easy. Simply add the two as shown below: c = a + b c = 4 6 8 10 12 14 20 18 16 Subtraction of vectors of the same length works exactly the same way. MATLAB sometimes stores such a list in a matrix with just one row, and other times in a matrix with just one column. In the first instance, such a 1-row matrix is called a row-vector; in the second instance, such a 1-column matrix is called a column-vector. Either way, these are merely different ways for storing vectors, not different kinds of vectors. 2. Matrices and Arrays The most basic MATLAB data structu