2013英语高考阅读专题.docVIP

2013 英语高考阅读专题—猜测词义 一．利用构词法 构词法包括：派生法 Derivation ；合成法；缩略法；拼缀法；转化法 二．利用上下文语境 猜词技巧1：定义释义法--- 通过解释定义来猜测. 其表现形式为:用that is, in other words, mean, be called, refer to等定义或重述形式来解释生词.有时会以同位语或定语从句形式来解释。 1.His uncle is a zoologist, an expert who does research on animals. 2. Yet, shopkeepers may have to spend extra hours to deal with problems, such as shoplifters, who always take away things from the shop without paying for them. 3. Jane is indecisive, that is, she can’t make up her mind. 技巧2: 对比转折法---句中多半有unlike, but, however, while, in contrast, on the contrary, on the other hand, instead of, rather than等信息词. 另外,分号也可以表示转折,对比的意义. 1. He replied quickly, but after he considered the problem more carefully, he regretted having made such a hasty decision. 2. Tom is one of the most supercilious man I know. His brother, in contrast, is quite humble and modest. 技巧3:因果法---文章借助关联词because, as, since, for, so, as a result, therefore等表示前因后果.有时利用动词lead to, cause, result in, bring about等表达因果关系. 1. The flowers in the vase withered because they had no water. The lack of movement caused the muscles to weaken. Sometimes the weakness was permanent. So the player could never play the sport again. 技巧4:根据并列选择关系猜词义---前后所表达的意思相似或一致,且它们的词义属于同一义域,常用or或and来连接或if引导的句子来猜测. 1.If you don’t stop doing like this, you’ll impair your health. 2.He strayed because of the darkness, and didn’t know where he was. 技巧5：根据生活常识来猜测。特征：一般能够根据自己的生活经验及生活常识来判断词义。 1. Tom saw an owl last night but it flew away when he got near． A. a bird B. an animal C. the sun 2.The fresh trout is very cheap, but I don’t know how to cook it． A. fish B. fruit C. apple 三．探究活动 Chicken becomes rotten very quickly .That is to say ,it can go bad in a refrigerator if it is left there for more than a week. If you have any doubt that the meat is bad, don’t eat it. Instead inspect it very carefully: Check the smell, how it looks and feels. The first sign that the chicken is rotten is smell .If the chicken has a bad odor , you should throw it out . Th