Pharyngitis.pptVIP

PHARYNGITIS Anatomy Common chamber of the respiratory and digestive tracts. Endodermal primitive foregut. 12- to 14-cm musculomembranous tube. Base of the skull, back of the nose and mouth, to the level of the sixth cervical vertebra becomes continuous with the esophagus . Upper part: pseudostratified ciliated epithelium. Lower part: stratified squamous epithelium. Anatomy The principal muscles of the pharynx: superior, middle, and inferior constrictor muscles. posterior midline: pharyngeal raphe. Quadrilateral superior pharyngeal constrictor muscles Origin: caudal medial pterygoid process, the pterygomandibular raphe, the posterior part of the mandibular mylohyoid line, and the side of the base of the tongue. Pterygopharyngeal, buccopharyngeal, mylopharyngeal, and glossopharyngeal muscle. Pharyngeal recess Rosenmüller’s fossa : above the muscle’s concave upper border, adjacent to the medial part of the eustachian tube’s orifice in the nasopharynx. Middle constrictor muscles Fan-shaped Origin: cornua of the hyoid bone and the lower part of the stylohyoid ligament. Inferior constrictor muscles Origin: lateral surfaces of the thyroid and cricoid cartilages and tendinous arch between both cartilages. Thyropharyngeus muscle: fibers from the thyroid cartilage to the posterior pharyngeal wall. Cricopharyngeus muscle: fibers from the cricoid cartilage to the pharyngeal wall demarcates the pharynx from the cervical esophagus . Longitudinal muscles Palatopharyngeus muscle: from the anteroinferior surface of the palate to the posterolateral oropharyngeal wall. Salpingopharyngeus muscle: from the nasopharyngeal orifice of the eustachian tube to blend with the palatopharyngeal muscles in the lateral pharyngeal wall. Stylopharyngeus muscle: from the medial base of the styloid process to the posterolateral pharyngeal wall between the superior and middle constrictor muscles . Anatomy Buccopharyngeal fascia is the deep epimysial covering of the pharyngeal muscles. Retro