Ergonomics_Presentation_Printable_Version_.pptVIP

Ergonomics A Possible Definition The scientific study of the relationship between people and their working environment. The working environment may be taken to include any factor which could affect the efficiency of the working person. The Objective The objective is to increase human efficiency and safety by removing those features which tend to cause inefficiency or physical disability. Typical Considerations Heat conditions Lighting Fellow workers Tools and machines Method and organisation of production The Man-Machine Relationship Any person who operates a machine may be considered as part of a closed control-loop system comprising: A display element A display communications channel A decision element A decision communication channel A control element A control communication channel Information is sent to the operator from a display element by means of a display communications channel. The information is processed by the decision element (the brain) and the decision is sent to the control element by means of the decision communication channel. A control element is any device which regulates the action of a machine e.g. hand wheels, handles, levers, control knobs, buttons etc. The control element acts upon the system and the results of the control input are fed to the display element by means of the control communication channel. The process now repeats itself. Control Loop Efficiency The efficiency of the control loop will be affected by: Factors that are internal to the loop. Factors that are external to the loop. Internal Factors The display element should be easily and accurately readable and have a movement which is compatible with the movement of the control. The position of the displays should be such that they may be communicated to the operator with the minimum of physical effort. Internal factors continued… The display communications channel should have a direct line of path to the decision making organs and be free from interference such as gl