语句的编程手册.docVIP

sql语句的编程手册SQL命令? 17个是作为语句开头的关键字：? alter??drop??revoke? audit??grant??rollback*? commit*??insert??select? comment??lock??update? create??noaudit??validate? delete??rename? ;”结尾? *命令句尾不必加分号，并且不存入SQL缓存区。? SQL中没有的SQL*PLUS命令? SQL缓存区? @??define??pause? #??del??quit? $??describe??remark? /??disconnect??run? accept??document??save? append??edit??set? break??exit??show? btitle??get??spool? change??help??sqlplus? clear??host??start? column??input??timing? compute??list??ttitle? connect??newpage??undefine? copy? ? 2?数据库查询?  TAB?用户创建的所有基表、视图和同义词清单? DTAB?构成数据字典的所有表? COL?用户创建的基表的所有列定义的清单? CATALOG?用户可存取的所有基表清单? select?*?from?tab;? describe命令?描述基表的结构信息? describe?dept? select?*? from?emp;? select?empno,ename,job? from?emp;? select?*?from?dept? order?by?deptno?desc;? 逻辑运算符? =?!=或?=??=? in? between?value1?and?value2? like? %? _? in?null? not? no?in,is?not?null? 谓词in和not?in?  select?ename,job? from?emp? where?job?in?(clerk,analyst);? select?ename,job? from?emp? where?job?not?in?(clerk,analyst);? 谓词between和not?between? 2000和3000之间? select?ename,job,sal?from?emp? where?sal?between?2000?and?3000;? select?ename,job,sal?from?emp? where?sal?not?between?2000?and?3000;? like,not?like? select?ename,deptno?from?emp? where?ename?like?S%;? (以字母S开头)? select?ename,deptno?from?emp? where?ename?like?%K;? (以K结尾)? select?ename,deptno?from?emp? where?ename?like?W___;? (以W开头，后面仅有三个字母)? select?ename,job?from?emp? where?job?not?like?sales%;? (哪些雇员的工种名不以sales开头)? is?null,is?not?null? 没有奖金的雇员（即commision为null）? select?ename,job?from?emp? where?comm?is?null;? select?ename,job?from?emp? where?comm?is?not?null;?  select?ename,job? from?emp? where?deptno=20? and?job!=clerk;? 表达式? +?-?*?/? 算术表达式? 选择奖金高于其工资的5%的雇员? select?ename,sal,comm,comm/sal?from?emp? where?comm.05*sal? order?by?comm/sal?desc;? 日期型数据的运算? add?two?days?to?6-Mar-87? 6-Mar-87?+?2?=?8-Mar-87? add?two?hours?to?6-Mar-87? 6-Mar-87?+