第10章结构体、共同体和枚举类型摘要.ppt

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * typedef struct date { int year; int month; int day; } DATE; DATE birthday; DATE *p; typedef int Status; Status initialization(void); typedef int NUM[100]; NUM a; typedef char *STRING; STRING p; 为已有类型引入一个同义词的方法： ①声明变量 ②将变量名换成新类型名 ③在最前面加上typedef ④使用新类型名声明变量 int a[100]; int NUM[100]; typedef int NUM[100]; NUM a; * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * #include stdio.h #include stdlib.h struct student { char sno[8]; char name[20]; char sex; int age; double score; }; int main(void) { struct student *p; p = (struct student *)malloc(sizeof(struct student)); scanf(%c%s%s%d%lf,p-sex, p-sno, p-name, p-age, p-score); 输出信息 free(p); p = NULL; return 0; } 二、单链表的基本操作 通常用结构体类型的变量来表示单链表中的结点，一个结构体类型的变量包含若干成员，用指针类型的成员存储下一个结点的地址 struct student { char sno[8]; char name[20]; char sex; int age; double score; struct student *next; }; 【例10.12】 建立一个学生信息的单链表，输出单链表中的学生信息，然后销毁单链表 #include stdio.h #include stdlib.h struct student { char sno[8]; char name[20]; char sex; int age; double score; struct student *next; }; void insert_node(struct student *head, struct student *p); void traverse(struct student *head); void delete_node(struct student *head); int main(void) { struct student *h, *q; int i, n; ... return 0; } printf(Input the number of students: ); scanf(%d, n); getchar( ); h = (struct student *)malloc(sizeof(struct student)); h-next = NULL; printf(Input %d students information(sex,sno,name,age,score):\n,n); for (i = 0; i n; i++) { q = (struct student *)malloc(sizeof(struct student)); scanf(%c%s%s%d%lf, q-sex, q-sno, q-name, q-a