材料物理导论Chapter4(免费阅读).pptVIP

Relations of Self-diffusion coefficient D and 1/T of Ag polycrystal Single crystal Temperature 5. Chemical component D is relative with the character of constituent element. The self-diffusion Q for different metals is relative with the atomic binding force of the lattice, e.g., high Tm, large Q D is relative with solute concentration The third constituent element(or impurity) can also affect the diffusion of duality alloy, but very complex 6. Stress and magnetism Stress: a) stress field in the alloy provides the driven force F,the larger the stress, the higher F V=B·F b) the elastic stress gradient induced by stress can promote the atomic migration Magnetism: the diffusion slower at the ferromagnetic state than at the paramagnetism state with a smaller D 4.6 ionic crystal diffusion The diffusion ion in the ionic crystal only can enter the position with the same charge. Diffusion can only process by vacancy. The vacancies in ionic crystals are with the same quantity of positive ion and negative ion with the disordered distribution, which is named schottky vacancy. Diffusion has interstitial mechanism and vancancy, the diffusion is relative with diffusion coefficient and electrical conductivity . The activation energy of the ionic diffusion is much larger than that of the atomic diffusion and the diffusion velocity much smaller Main content in this chapter Basic definition ：diffusion law、diffusion coefficient、uphill diffusion、downhill diffusion、atomic diffusion、reaction (phase transition）diffusion、self-diffusion、mutual diffusion、diffusion activation energy，stable diffusion，unstable diffusion，diffusion flux、 Condition of atomic diffusion in solid metals Content of diffusion law, used condition, solve and application Diffusion coefficient and effect factor、diffusion driven force Atomic diffusion mechanism Diffusion cat