英语语言学 布拉格学派 纯英文.ppt

The Prague School Content Intruduction Phonology and Phonological Oppositions Functional Sentence Perspective Intruduction Funded:in 1926. Czechoslovakia Funder:a professor at the Charlie University of Prague V. Mathesius (1882 - 1946) V.马泰休斯 Main activists:included R. Jakobson R.雅柯布逊(1896 - 1982) and N. Trubetzkoy 特鲁别茨科伊(1890-1938). One of the main schools of structural linguistics. Activity center is the Prague language institute Also called functionl language. 崔健 Chronicle of the Prague School According to the changes of its main members and research interests of the transfer into two stages: the first stage from 1926 to build the Second World War broke out; 1915 ---- The foundation of the Moscow Linguistic circle, Jakobson being the president. 1917---- Members fleeing Moscow due to October Revolution. 1926 ---- The foundation of the Prague School Linguistic Circle, Jakobson being the vice president 1928 ---- Presenting the Prague Circle manifesto 1929 ---- the First International Congress of Slavists in Prague. Came up with Outline 1930 ---- International phonetic system representative conferencein Prague (detail on language, especially on phonetic structure). 1939 ---- disruption. the second stage is from the end of the fiftys and early sixtys to now 1960s ---- sentence pattern model functional sentence perspective functional generative approach 1970s ---- Linguistic activity interrupted again After 1989 ---- New societys activities to resume Characteristic Of the many ideas developed in Prague School, three points are of special importance. First, it was stressed that the synchronic study of language is fully justified as it can draw on complete and controllable material for investigation. Second, there was an emphasis on the systemic character of language. Third, language was looked on as functional in another sense, that is, as a tool performing a number of essential functions or tasks for the community usin