UK-study guide6.docVIP

Early British History 1. Iberians--- between 3000 and 2000 BC. Stonehenge Iron Age peoples took to farming in permanent fields and to living in protected hill forts. ? Maiden Castle was typical of a large protected hill fort, with its various ramparts. 2. Celts---usually taken as natives the Gaels Britons They had no written language, had been related with the ancient people in what is now France, they offered some help to resist Julius Caesar when he invaded France in the first century. 3. Roman Conquest---Roman Britain Between 55BC and 54 BC, Julius Caesar invaded Britain twice. The Roman Conquest of Britain began in 43AD by Roman troops under Claudius. by 60AD the Romans controlled most of Britain south of the Humber A revolt with the Iceni tribe under Queen Boudica nearly managed to dislodge the Romans. But their superior military knowledge prevailed, and after that they had no major uprisings in England. Most of the country was under civil, rather than military rule. Hadrians Wall In order to protect themselves from the depredations of the Picts (the inhabitants of Scotland at that time), the Romans under the emperor Hadrian(emperor,117-138) had a wall built from east to west, Hadrians Wall, to defend England. iles long, estimated to have been between 13 and 15 feet high Roman contributions Britain was given the name Britannia(taken from the Celtic language.)?The Romans came to govern and to trade, but not to settle--the Celtic language remained: the Thames, the Cam, Dover, York, the Severn... Cities--built towns, temples, theaters, roads, built up the trading city of London. introduced a system of organized government in cities which usually took on names ending in “-ster”, “-cester” or “-shire”, all formed from the Roman word “-castra” (an armed camp. ) Christianity was first introduced in the 4th century. By 3l4, an organized Christian Church seems to have been established in most of Britain, for in that year British bishops were summoned to