Communication and Language Trinity College, Dublin都柏林交流与语言.pptVIP

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Communication and Language Trinity College, Dublin都柏林交流与语言.ppt

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Communication and Language Introduction to language and communication What is communication? transmission of information evoking understanding, meaning maintaining social contact What is language? a system of human communication using words Issues for today Functions of communication Focus on interviewing Theoretical approaches to language and communication A conversation A: ‘What’s your name boy?’ B: ‘Dr. Poussaint. I’m a physician’ A: ‘What’s your first name, boy’ B: ‘Alvin’ Functions of communicationJacobson (1960) Addresser Addressee Context Message Contact Code Functions of communication (2) Addresser Emotive Addressee Conative Context - Referential Message - Poetic Contact - Phatic Code - Metalingual Interviewing Types of interview Advice bureaux At the bank Tourism and travel services Opinion polls Telephone interviews Selling Surveys Parent - teacher Mass media interviews Job interviews Counselling Police Welfare services Clinical interviews Research interviews Class exercise - a short informal interview about “Being a good communicator” Divide into pairs Allocate role - interviewer / interviewee Plan the questions you will ask Conduct the interview and take note of answers Review conclusions Reverse roles and repeat The interview as conversation Opening - Establishing rapport Cognitive, social and emotional factors Topic Development - maintaining attention Closing Attitudes - empathy, sympathy judgement Ethics Interviewer credentials Anonymity and confidentiality Records Truth - content and purpose ‘True Conversation’ A conversation is a process of two people understanding each other. ….each opens himself to the other person, truly accepts his point of view as worthy of consideration and gets inside the other to such an extent that he understands not a particular individual but what he says. (Gadamer, 1975) Interview structure Define topic Question formats Open-ended, multiple choice, ranking, probing Bias, ambiguity, style of language Leading