《TCPIP技术》样文..docVIP

基于演化博弈论的WSNs信任决策模型与动力学分析 王中华 (嘉兴学院数理与信息工程学院, 嘉兴314001) 摘要: 为解决无线传感器网络(Wireless Sensor Networks, WSNs)节点间信任关系建立时的信任决策和动态演化问题, 引入与节点信任度绑定的激励机制, 建立WSNs节点信任博弈模型以反映信任建立过程中表现出的有限理性和每次博弈过程的收益. 基于演化博弈论研究节点信任策略选择的演化过程, 给出WSNs节点信任演化的复制动态方程, 提出并证明在不同参数条件下达到演化稳定策略的定理, 为WSNs信任机制设计提供理论基础. 实验验证了定理结论和激励机制的效果. 关键词: 无线传感器网络；信任; 演化博弈; 复制动态; 激励机制 Evolutionary Game Theory based trust strategy model and dynamics analysis in Wireless Sensor Networks Wang Zhong-Hua (College of Mathematics Physics and Information Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, China) Abstract: In order to solve the problems of trust deciding and its dynamics evolving which will be faced during the process of creating trust relations between sensor nodes in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), an incentive mechanism bound by trust level is introduced, and the model of WSNs trust game is created for reflecting the limited nationality and utilities of each game stage. Based on Evolutionary Game Theory, the evolutionary process of selecting trust strategy of sensor nodes is researched. The replicator dynamics of trust evolving in WSNs is given. The theorems in which Evolutionary Stable Strategy under different parameters value can reach are proposed and proved. All of these will provide theoretical foundations for designing WSNs trust mechanism. The experiments have showed results attained from proposed theorems and effect of the incentive mechanism. Keywords: Wireless Sensor Networks; Trust; Evolutionary game; Replicator dynamics; Incentive mechanism 1 引言 随着无线通信技术和集成电路技术的飞速发展, 综合了数据采集、嵌入式计算、分布式处理和无线通信等技术的WSNs目前已成为学术界的研究热点. WSNs通过内置不同功能的传感器, 完成实时监测、感知、采集各种环境信息的任务, 以自组织多跳的无线通信方式将获取的信息汇聚到基站, 实现物理世界、计算机世界和人类社会的联网. 文献[1]将无线传感器网络的应用领域分成: 军事应用、环境监测、医疗卫生、智能家庭应用和其它的商业应用. 可以预见, 在不久的将来, WSNs将成为人类生活的重要组成部分. 然而, 要实现WSNs的大规模应用, 安全是首先要考虑的问题. 基于信任的安全机制是最近几年应用到WSNs中的安全技术. 与加密、不受非法入侵等安全技术相比, 信任是在以WSNs节点为中心的环境中, 帮助各节点建立信心, 推动网络节点的协作, 降低与其它节点合作的风险. 信任过程的建立涉及信任证据的收集和存储, 在考虑上下文环境的前提下计算信任度、信任决策、反馈交互行为等. 这些过程循环往复, 不断演化具备动力学特性. 其中信任决策