2012年12月英语四级考试案(完形翻译)2012年12月英语四级考试答案(完形翻译).docVIP

Part V ?Cloze Strong emotional bonds between mothers and infants increase children’s willingness to explore the world—an effect that has been observed ? 67 ? the animal kingdom, in people, monkeys and even spiders. The more secure we are in our ? 68 ? to Mom, the more likely we are to try new things and take risks. Now researchers are discovering that this effect continues into adulthood. A ? 69 ? reminder of Mom’s touch or the sound of her voice on the phone is70to change people’s minds and moods, ? 71 ? their decision making in measurable ways. In a study ? 72 ? online in April in Psychological Science, undergraduate business students had to choose between safe bets and risky gambles—a bond with a guaranteed 4 percent yearly 73 ? or a riskier stock option, for example. In half the cases, the experimenters patted the students ? 74 ? on the back of the shoulder for about one second ? 75 ? providing verbal ?instructions about the study. Both male and female students who were touched by a female experimenter were ? 76 ? more likely to choose the risky alternative ? 77 ? were those who had not been touched or were patted by male experimenters. The reassuring（宽慰的）touch of a woman may have induced early associations, ?78 ? the same openness to exploration that is observed in young children of ? 79 ? mothers, explains Jonathan Levav, a business professor at Columbia University and lead author of the study. To further ? 80 ? that a woman’s touch links feelings of security ? 81 ? risk taking, the researchers asked a ? 82 ? group of undergraduates to make financial decisions after a writing exercise. Half of them wrote about a time they felt secure and supported, whereas the ? 83 ? half wrote about feeling insecure and alone. Evoking (唤起) a ? 84 ? of insecurity made students in the latter group ? 85 ? receptive to the gentle shoulder pats from female experimenters and much more willing to take a risk—just as a child leaving for a field trip might steal one last reassuring