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语法填空之形容词和副词语法填空之形容词和副词
语法填空之形容词和副词
学习目标:1. 分清形容(adj)和副词(adv), 包括它们的形式和各自的作用
2. 能在语境中正确选择用形容词还是副词,并写对形式
3. 注意形容词和副词的一些特殊情况
4. 要分清不同的“级”, 并能在语境中正确使用不同的“级”(原级、比较级、最高级)
学习方法:1. 自主学习(理解并熟记形容词和副词各自的作用和正确形式)
2. 通过练习加深对自主学习内容的理解和记忆,并不断思考总结以验证自主学习内容的规律,以便达到更好的灵活使用形容词和副词的目的
学习过程:
Step1 自主学习(理解熟记,不懂的立即问)
1)形容词的作用:修饰名词作定语,如:a beautiful girl;系动词后作表语,如:What you said just now is exciting.作动词的宾补,如:Green vegetables keep you healthy.
2) 副词的作用:修饰形容词、动词、副词、介词短语及句子,作状语,如:
extremely terrible(adj), work(v) hard, get up very late(adv), deep into the night(介词短语),
Fortunately, he passed the exam.
3)动词、名词变形容词的常见后缀:
后缀 例词 -able accept—acceptable suit--suitable
comfort—comfortable reason--reasonable -ible access—accessible horror—horrible terror--terrible -ful
-less forget—forgetful harm—harmful hopeless
hope—hopeful peace—peaceful helpless -ed excite—excited frighten--frightened -ing excite—exciting frighten--frightening -al music—musical origin—original
person—personal center—central nature--natural -ive act—active effect—effective impress--impressive -ous anxiety—anxious curiosity—curious humor--humorous -t confidence—confident patience--patient -y taste—tasty health—healthy sun--sunny -ish fool—foolish child—childish self--selfish -ern south—southern east--eastern 4)形容词变副词的后缀:
在形容词后加ly可变成相应意义的副词
直接加ly slow--slowly 改y为i后加ly happy--happily 去e加ly true—truly 注意:一些以ly结尾的词是形容词而不是副词:friendly, lively, lovely, likely, deadly, silly, orderly, timely 等,需特殊记忆。
5)特殊情况:1. ill, content, afraid, asleep, awake, alive, alone, worth等形容词只放在系动词后作表语。如:I’m alone now.
2. 有些词有固定的副词修饰,如:all alone, sound/fast asleep, wide awake, well worth, like/enjoy much, well/clearly remember等,也需特殊记忆。
3.有些副词有两种形式,如:close(adj and adv) /closely, free/freely, high/highly, deep/deeply等,请看例句区别:
They are deeply moved. (抽象)
They dived deep in the sea. (具体)
特别注意这两个词:hard (adv):辛苦地,努力地;
hardly (adv
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