高中英语第二册上Unit 8 First Aid--文化背景.docVIP

Unit 8 First Aid 文化背景 动物咬伤、抓伤, 如不及时和恰当处理, 有潜在的危险。本文介绍正确处理动物咬伤、抓伤的医学知识，请阅读…… Animal bites and scratches, even minor ones, can become infected and spread bacteria to other parts of the body. Whether the animal is a family pet or a creature from the wild, scratches and bites can carry disease. For example, cat scratch disease, a bacterial infection, can be transmitted by a cat scratch (usually from a kitten) even if the site of the scratch doesnt look infected. In addition, certain animals can transmit rabies(狂犬病) and tetanus(破伤风). Human bites that break the skin are even more likely to become infected. What to Do:For?a Bite or Scratch If the bite or scratch wound is bleeding, apply pressure to the area with a clean bandage or towel until the bleeding stops. If available, use clean latex(乳胶) or rubber gloves to protect yourself from exposure to blood. Clean the wound with soap and water, and hold it under running water for at least 5 minutes. Do not apply an antiseptic(杀菌剂) or anything else to the wound. Dry the wound and cover it with sterile gauze (消毒沙布) or a clean cloth. Phone your childs doctor. Your child may need antibiotics (抗生素), a tetanus booster, or a rabies vaccination(疫苗). A bite or scratch on a childs hand or face is particularly prone to infection and should be evaluated(评价) by your doctor. If possible, locate the animal that inflicted(造成) the wound. Some animals may have to be captured, confined, and observed for rabies. Do not try to capture the animal yourself. Look in your phone book for the number of an animal control office or animal warden in your area. Go to the nearest hospital emergency department if: the wound wont stop bleeding after 10 minutes of direct pressure. the wound is more than 1/2 inch long or appears to be deep. the attacking animal was wild (not tame) or behaving strangely. a body part is severed. Wrap the severed part in sterile gauze or a clean cloth and take it with you to the emergency department. Reminder to