台湾地区温度对混凝土桥梁影响之监测与分析..docVIP

台灣地區溫度對混凝土橋梁影響之監測與分析 陸景文1　　陳振川2　　張國鎮2　　詹穎雯3 關鍵詞： 混凝土橋梁、溫度梯度、有效橋梁溫度、橋梁監測。 摘　　要 橋梁受環境影響所引致之溫度效應可分為有效橋梁溫度和斷面溫度梯度兩者。本研究發現國內目前使用之相關設計標準在有效橋梁溫度部分上下限範圍略大，且不能反應各地區之氣候特性；而在溫度梯度部分則有低估之現象。針對這些問題，本研究以本土性的氣候特性來分析此兩者之行為，採用國內四座混凝土橋梁共七個斷面之現地監測資料以及中央氣象局歷年之相關氣象記錄，進行整理、迴歸和分析，再與電腦數值模擬結果相互比較，探討因本土環境所引致之混凝土橋梁溫度效應，並建立合理之預測模式，藉以提出適用於台灣地區混凝土橋梁受環境影響之溫度行為設計標準與建議。 FIELD MEASUREMENTS AND ANALYSIS OF TEMPERATUREEFFECTS ON CONCRETE BRIDGES IN TAIWAN J.W. Lue J.C. Chern K.C. Chang Y.W. Chan Department of Civil EngineeringNational Taiwan UniversityTaipei, Taiwan 10617, R.O.C. Key Words: concrete bridges, temperature gradient, effective bridge temperature, field measurement. ABSTRACT 1國立台灣大學土木工程學研究所博士 2國立台灣大學土木工程學系教授 3國立台灣大學土木工程學系副教授 Two types of the temperature effects must be considered in the design of bridge structures, which are effective bridge temperature and temperature gradient. The current bridge code issued by Ministry of Transportation and Communication MOTC deals marginally with temperature effects in bridge design. The only factor addressed is overall expansion and contraction and no adjustments are made for variations in weather conditions through Taiwan. This paper reports the most recent result of the investigation on these thermal loadings of concrete highway bridges in Taiwan. Field measurements of temperature distributions at selected locations were carried out on 7 sections of four concrete box girder bridges since 1995. A rational weather model applied to Taiwan was then established based on the measurements obtained. Environmental variations that affect the thermal effects directly, such as wind speed and solar radiation, were taken into account. Therefore, rational models and accurate predictions of structural temperature effects of concrete bridges were made possible by using regression and finite element analysis and a temperature design criteria was proposed. 一、前　言 隨著橋梁科技的進步、跨距的增加及撓度控制要求的提高，溫度對橋梁結構行為之影響便顯得愈形重要。此一溫度效應可分為直接效應與間接效應，間接效應為溫度對混凝土潛變與乾