I2词语翻译法.docVIP

Unit Two 词语翻译法 一、多义词的处理 词汇在新的语言环境中就有了一个新义。要确定多义词在特定语境中的涵义，一要紧密联系上下文，二要注意这些词语的搭配习惯. (一)上下文 上下文即词、短语、语句和篇章的前后关系，有广狭之分。狭义上下文指特定语言的前言后语。广义上下文指外部经验世界 英语一词多义 Business was rather slow last month. 上个月生意不太景气 The book is rather slow. 这本书很乏味（不精彩）。 You’d better go slow in reaching a conclusion. 你最好不要急于下结论。 He is slow of understanding. 他理解力较差。 He is so slow that I have to explain everything several times. 他太迟钝，所有的事我都得解释好几遍。 Be slow to promise but quick to practice. 不要轻易许诺，但一旦许诺要尽快实践。 He is slow at speech with women yet. 跟女人说话，他还有点笨嘴拙舌。 词汇的意义主要在于语境，即上下文及搭配 Oh, what a story. 哦，好个谎话。 To make a long story short. 长话短说。 It is another story. 这是另外一个问题。 to launch a movement, campaign, drive 搞运动、活动； to launch a training program, class, course 举办培训班 to launch a satellite 发射卫星 to launch a loan 发放贷款 翻译时注意平时多积累 Their people have always been available to offer assistance and answer technical questions. 他们的工作人员随时为我们提供支持并解答技术上的问题。 You have a creative edge in business. 你获得创造性地商业优势。 二. 增词法翻译 增词法主要用于三种情况： 1.为了语法上的需要（英语名词复数译成汉语时需要使用增词法才能体现原文复数形式） 2.为了表达清晰和自然； 3.为了沟通不同的文化。 1、为了语法上的需要而增词 时态要求 英语动词的时态靠词形变化或加助动词来表达的。汉语靠增加时态助词或一般表示时间的词。“曾”、“已经”、“过了”、“在”、“正在”、“着”、“将”、“要”、“会”、“便”等等。 I have not been satisfied with my efforts to date and I have been constantly searching for some sort of organized and systematic contribution which I could make to bridging the gaps between the Eastern and Western worlds. 我对到目前为止所做的努力并不满意，我一直在寻求能够有组织地、系统地写点东西，以弥补东西方世界之间的沟壑。 补充原文因语法省略的词 Better be wise by the defeat of others than by your own. 从别人的失败中吸取教训比从自己的失败中吸取教训更好。 英语崇省略，汉语喜重复。  增加动词 In every Chinese city, we got into the streets, shops, parks, theatres and restaurants. 在中国，我们每到一个城市就遛大街、逛商店、游公园、看演出、吃名菜。 In the evening, after the banquet, the concerts and the table tennis exhibitions, he would work on the drafting of the final communiqué. 晚上在参加宴会、出席音乐会、观看乒乓球表演之 后，他还得起草最后公报。 I forgot my key. 我忘了带钥匙。 增加形容词 The war made a man of him. 战争把他锻造成一个堂堂的男子汉。 Deflation has now reached unpr