太阳能半导体空调的硬件设计..docVIP

太阳能半导体空调的硬件设计 摘 要 随着世界经济的发展和技术的进步以及人口的增长和生活水平的提高，石油、煤炭、天然气等常规化石能源的消费量迅速增加，能源价格不断加速上涨，温室气体排放量迅速增长，能源危机和环境恶化日益突出。面对能源和环境恶化问题，世界各国都在千方百计地寻找出路，多方采取措施。而开发清洁的可再生能源，是解决问题的根本。 太阳能作为取之不尽的清洁能源越来越受到人们的重视。在太阳能利用热潮中，利用太阳能进行制冷的空调已成为研究热点之一。太阳能制冷的优点有：1）季节的匹配性好，即天气越热，太阳辐射越强，系统制冷量越大；2）太阳能制冷系统可以将夏季制冷、冬季采暖和其它季节提供热水结合起来，显著地提高了太阳能系统的利用率和经济性；3）有利于减轻盛夏季节的用电负荷，减小电网压力，避免夏季白天电网负荷呈尖峰状态。 半导体制冷是利用热电制冷效应的一种制冷方式，主要是珀尔贴效应在制冷上的应用。而太阳能半导体空调无机械转动部分、无噪声，使用寿命长，无需经常维修，管理方便，可靠性高等特点，得到了很多特殊领域的应用。制冷模块以半导体热电原件为核心，避免了传统空调对环境的污染，但目前的制冷系数COP还比较低。随着制冷技术和制冷材料的不断提高，太阳能半导体空调正逐步走进人们的生活。 关键词：能源危机 太阳能 半导体空调 珀尔贴效应 COP ABSTRACT With the development of the world economy and technology progress and population growth and improvement of living standards, the oil, coal and natural gas consumption of conventional fossil energy is increasing rapidly, energy prices are rising quickly, greenhouse gas emissions, rapid growth, the energy crisis and deterioration of the environment is more and more serious. Facing the energy and environment worsening problem, countries in the world to leave no stone unturned to find a way out, multiparty take measures. While developing clean renewable energy is the solution to the problem of fundamental. Solar energy as the inexhaustible clean energy more and more attention by people. In the solar energy utilization rush, using solar energy for refrigeration air conditioning has become the hotspot. Solar refrigeration advantages are: 1)Season match is good, that the more hot weather, solar radiation is stronger, the greater the cooling capacity of the system; 2) Solar cooling system can be cooling in summer and winter to provide heating and hot water in other seasons combined, significantly improve the utilization of solar energy systems and economics; 3)It will help reduce the electricity load of summer season, reducing network pressure and avoid the peak state of the summer day’s power grid load. Semiconductor refrigeration is a refrigeration to use the thermoelectric?cooling?effect. Pelt