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专题九　形容词和副词 ◆形容词和副词的考查要点 1．形容词和副词的作用与位置 形容词是用来修饰名词的，常被放在名词前作定语，或放在系动词后面作表语。而副词则用来修饰形容词、动词、其他副词或者句子，一般位于形容词之前，动词之后或句子之首。以下属几种特殊情况，须牢记： (1)形容词短语作定语，定语后置。 a task difficult to finish (2)表语形容词(afraid，alike，alone，asleep，awake，alive等)作定语，定语后置。如a man alive。有些表身体健康状况的形容词如well，faint，ill只作表语。sick既可作表语又可作定语，ill如作定语意为“bad”。 (3)用作定语，修饰由不定代词one，no，any，some和every构成的复合词如anything，something等时，通常后置。 I have something important to tell you. (4)else常用作疑问代词和不定代词的后置定语。 (5)enough修饰名词前置或后置，修饰形容词、动词或副词时，必须后置。 (6)几个副词并列作状语时，其顺序较灵活，但一般是：方式→地点→时间。 We had a good time together outdoors last Sunday. (7)频度副词如often，always，usually等在be动词后，行为动词前。 (8)副词作定语，定语后置。 The person there is waiting for you. (9)几个并列的形容词作定语，其语序通常为：限定词(包括冠词、所有格、人称代词、指示代词、数词等)＋观点词(品质、状态，即表示好、坏、美、丑等的词)＋形状或样式词＋大小、长短或高低词＋年龄或新旧词＋颜色词＋产地或来源词＋材料或种类词＋用途词＋名词。 a heavy black Chinese steel umbrella (10)以-ly结尾的词性辨析。 ①下列单词以-ly结尾，但却是形容词而非副词：lively，lonely，lovely，deadly，friendly，ugly，silly，likely，brotherly，timely等。 ②表原意(无-ly)和引申意(有-ly)的副词： ③有无-ly意义大不相同的副词： 题组训练1 选词填空 sharp，occasionally，thankfully，optional，particular，besides，transparent，permanent，steady，quite1．It is one thing to enjoy listening to good music，but it is quite another to play it well yourself. 2．The old engineer’s eyes still shone bright in the wrinkled brown face and his step as he came across the room was steady，though slow. 3．An unhappy childhood may have some negative effects on a person’s character; however，they are not always permanent. 4．The state-run company is required to make its accounts as transparent as possible for its staff to monitor the use of money. 5．The house was too expensive and too big.Besides，I’d grown fond of our little rented house. 6．She has already tried her best.Please don’t be too particular about her job. 7．In that school，English is compulsory for all students，but French and Russian are optional. 8．Thankfully，I managed to get through the game and the pain was worth it in the end. 9．I’ve been writing this report occasionally for the last two weeks，bu