grammar1说课.ppt

* * 英语中的 省略现象 The ellipsis in English 在英语中，为了避免重复，句子中的某些部分经常省略，给考生的理解增加了困难。在近几年的NMET中，省略现象十分常见,为帮助考生更好地迎战高考，现对省略现象总结如下: 简单句中的省略 1.省略主语 祈使句中主语通常省略。 (1) (You) Be seated, please. (2) ( I ) Thank you for your help. (3) (It) Doesn’t matter. (4) ( I ) Beg your pardon. 简单句中的省略 2.省略主/谓或主谓语的一部分 (1) (There is) No smoking. (2) (Is there) Anything else? (3) (You come) This way, please. (4) (Will you) Have a smoke? (5) Why (do you) not say hello to him? 简单句中的省略 3.省略宾语 --- Do you know Miss Gao? --- I don’t know (her). (2)--- Which of them is the better choice? --- Well, it’s hard to tell (it). 简单句中的省略 4. 省略表语 (1) –Are you thirsty? --Yes, I am (thirsty). (2) His brother isn’t lazy, nor is his sister (lazy). 5. 同时省略几个成分 --- Are you feeling better now? --- (I’m feeling) Much better (now). (2) –-Have you finished your work ? ---(I have) Not (finished my work) yet. 简单句中的省略 6. 其他一些省略结构 1) 名词所有格修饰的名词,若表示住宅/店铺/教堂或上文已暗示或明确指出过的事物时，常常可以省略。 We spent the weekend at the Blacks’ (family). 2) 感叹句中,常可省略主语it和be动词 What a wonderful victory (it is)! 简单句中的省略 3) 不定式省略,单独使用不定式符号to a)代替动词不定式后被省略的代词,常在be afraid, expect, forget, hope, intend, like, love, mean, prefer, refuse, seem, try, want, wish等后边 I asked him to see the film, but he didn’t want to (see the film). b)在have, need, ought, be going. used等后 I didn’t want to go there, but I had to (go there) . 简单句中的省略 c)在某些形容词,glad, happy, pleased, delighted等后 ---Will you join the game? ---I’d be glad to (join the game) . d)否定句形式的省略用not to ---Shall you go instead of him? ---I prefer not to (go there) . e)如果不定式中含有be, have, have been通常保留be, have和have been。 简单句中的省略 ---Are you a sailor? ---No, but I used to be. ---He hasn’t finished yet. ---Well, he ought to have. 注:1)主语从句中有动词do,后面作表语的不定式的to可带可不带。 All we can do now is (to) wait. 注: 2