夸张低调委婉移就解剖.pptVIP

取代禁忌语的委婉语的适用范围 1. 生老病死 2. 穷困 3. 职业 4. 政治 Read P223-226 走了水 （遭火灾） 手头不方便（穷的叮当响） 偶感不适（有病） 老了（死了） 仙逝，长眠 2. Elegance , Politeness, humor, irony According to Leech’s Principle of Politeness, in communication, people usually followed such rules as appropriateness, generosity, praise, modesty, similarity and sympathy, so people often use indirect expressions to achieve politeness “ugly”-- plain-looking Politeness and Elegance 关于pregnant She is expecting. She is in a family way. She is in a delicate/an interesting condition. She has canceled all her social engagement. 关于排泄 P223 B 不才 有喜了 犬子 Humor or Irony The student can do better work with help. The student is stupid He depends on others to do his homework. He copy others in class. He has a tendency to stretch the truth. He often tell lies. He fed his family on bowls of sunshine He live on air. If only the good die young, he should live to a ripe old age. 只要好人都遭天谴，他就可以活到白头。 Understatement Euphemism 低调陈述是一种委婉的表达方式。指的是，它具有语气上的委婉而不是词语上的委婉。委婉辞格则多半以取代禁忌语的形式出现。 委婉语的使用目的主要是为了避讳和礼貌而取代禁忌语。低调陈述应用范围很广。 5.14 Transferred Epithet(移就) Definition A transferred epithet, is a figure of speech where an epithet (修饰词an adjective or descriptive phrase) is transferred from the noun it should rightly modify to another to which it does not really belong. E.g. I had a sleepless night I was sleepless all through the night. I had a wonderful time. I felt wonderful during that time. I had a happy day yesterday. I was happy yesterday. * 移就是一种特殊的，超乎常规的语言现象，一种由人们心理的特殊感受而产生的变异修辞方式。它的基本格式是把本应该修饰A事物的性质、形象、特色、状态的定语去修辞B事物，而B事物从本质上来说不具备这种性质或功能。 * 从逻辑上来分析，这种语言现象是违反常、悖于情理的，但在具体的语言环境中能起到恰到好处、新颖别致的作用。因为它使一个词以崭新的意义出现。在特殊的语言环境中改变了搭配关系，形成了词语的两个成分的故意错位或别出心裁的临时组合；呈现出其极强的灵活性、新奇性、概括性，从而激发读者的丰富的想象。 * Classifications: 1: adj.+ sb. →adj.+ sth. A murderous（杀气） knife The big man crashed down on a protesting chair. 这个大个子一屁股坐了下来，椅子吱嘎噶地响，好像发出抗议声。 The sailors swarmed into a laughing and cheering ring around the two man. 2:adj.+ sth. →adj.+ano