nuclear magnetic resonance( n m r)-www2web server（核磁共振(n m r)-www2web服务器）.doc

Lida Latifzadeh Masoudipour, Ph.D. ? 2009 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Contents: 1-Introduction 2-Theory of NMR 3-Interpretation of NMR Spectrum 1-Introduction: Review: Electromagnetic Radiation Electromagnetic radiation is made of magnetic and electrical field sinusoidal waves, oscillating at the right angle with each other and propagation direction: Properties of light: Light (electromagnetic radiation) has dual wave-particle properties. wave properties are defined as amplitude A the higth of wave, wavelength ? and frequency v number of waves per second, as shown in the below: Frequency is inversely proportional to wavelength : v = c / ?? c is the speed of light : 3.00 x 108 m/s, ??in m and v in Hertz (Hz) or 1/s particle properties of radiation is defined energy of photon E: E = h v and E = hc / ??? E is energy in J/ photon and h = Plank constant which is 6.634 x 10-34 J.s. Mathematical formula of sinusoidal wave: y = A sin (2?v t + ?? y is the electrical filed, A is the maximum value of y (amplitude), t is time, v is frequency in Hertz (Hz) or 1/s and ??is the phase angle. Electromagnetic Spectrum: Higher frequency and higher energy ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------( Radio Frequency | Microwave | Infrared | Visible | Ultraviolet | X-ray | Gamma ray RF IR VIS UV ? ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? Shortest wavelength m, cm, mm > 700 nm 700-400 nm < 400 nm < 100 nm <0.1nm Radio frequency has the longest wavelength (in m and cm) in the electromagnetic spectrum resulted in lowest energy of photon and lowest frequency. Gamma ray has the shortest wavelength less than 0.1 nm giving highest photon energy and highest fr