突破制约中俄能源企业合作瓶颈的对策分析[精选].doc

突破制约中俄能源企业合作瓶颈的对策分析 An Analysis of Strategies for Surmounting Restrictions on Cooperation of Energy Enterprises between China and Russia 内容提要：中国与俄罗斯，地理相邻，需求与供应互补，能源合作空间非常广阔。自20世纪90年代，中俄能源便开始实现合作，但多年来，合作步伐非常缓慢。究其主要原因在于缺少中俄能源企业间合作。在市场经济条件下，企业是经济活动的主体，经济社会中最活跃的因素，推动经济发展的重要力量。中俄能源企业合作的水平决定了中俄能源合作的深度。中俄能源企业合作是深化中俄能源合作的重要途径。中俄能源企业合作的进程中有成绩，也有问题。突破能源企业合作的瓶颈，是实现中俄能源更深层次合作的关键所在。 关键词：中国 俄罗斯 能源企业 瓶颈 对策 Abstract: China and Russia, which are geographically adjacent and complementary demand and supply with each other, whose energy cooperation space is very broad. The China-Russia energy cooperation began since 90s, 20th century, but over the years the pace of cooperation was very slow. The main reason is the lack of cooperation between Chinese and Russian energy enterprises. In the condition of the market economy, enterprises are the subjects of economic activities, the most active factors of economy and society, and the important force for promoting economic development. The level of the cooperation between Chinese and Russian energy companies will determine the depth of the China-Russian energy cooperation. The important way to strengthen the China-Russian energy cooperation is the cooperation between Chinese and Russian energy companies. In the progress of the cooperation, Chinese and Russia energy enterprises have made some achievements, but there are many problems. The key to achieve a deeper level of energy cooperation between China and Russia is surmounting restrictions of the China-Russia energy cooperation. Keywords: China Russia Energy Enterprise Bottleneck Strategy 中国与俄罗斯，一个是能源需求大国，一个是能源供应大国，能源合作的空间广阔。加强中俄两国能源合作，是当前两国政府的共识。在市场经济条件下，企业是经济活动的主体，经济社会中最活跃的因素，推动经济发展的重要力量。中俄能源企业合作的水平决定了中俄能源合作的深度，因此，加强中俄能源合作必须注重中俄两国能源企业间的合作。 一、中俄能源企业合作的现状 中俄能源合作始于20世纪90年代。受经济体制、政策导向及国际战略的影响，中俄能源合作开始时并不顺利，一直以来主要停留在政府签协议、讲政策的宏观合作层面。随着中俄两国政治经济体制改革的不断深化，两国市场机制日趋健全，企业逐渐成为经济活动的主体。但中俄能源企业间的合作在最初时期并不是很密切，直到进入21世纪后，两国企业间的合作才逐渐成为双方关注的焦点。截至目前，中俄能源企业合作主要采取中国企业参股俄能源企业的形式，参与合作的企业以中石油和中石化为主。