英语词性分类及用法.ppt

3hard, hardly hardly意为几乎与hard在词义上完全不同。如： I work hard every day. I can hardly remember that. late, lately lately意为最近、近来，late意为晚、迟。如： He never comes late. Have you been to the museum lately? 4 副词比较等级的用法 其用法与形容词相似，只是副词最高级前可省略定冠词。如： 　Of all the boys he sings (the) most beautifully. 　We must work harder. 　功能： 主要作状语，修饰以下词： 　　A、修饰动词： Mary reads very well. My teacher always speaks slowly but clearly. 　　B、修饰形容词：She looks very happy today. 　　C、修饰副词：Thank you very much. 　　D、修饰句子： Luckily, his stepmother was kind to him. 例1 Toms father thinks he is already ____ 　　A high enough 　B tall enough 　　C enough high 　C enough tall 　 例2 ____ the worse I seem to be. 　　A When I take more medicine 　　B The more medicine I take 　　C Taking more of the medicine 　　D More medicine taken 　　 例3I havent been to London yet. 　　I havent been there ____. 　　A too 　B also 　C either 　D neither 例4 Mr Smith was ____ moved at the news. 　　A deep 　B deeply 　C very deep 　D quite deeply 　　 B D C B 动词动词就是表示动作或者是状态的词。例如：run；work；sleep，等 动词的分类 1 根据其在句中的功能，动词可分为行为动词（实义动词）、系动词、助动词和情态动词四类，有些动词是兼类词。如： We have lunch at 12. I am hungry. She didn’t know him. You can swim. ①系动词　　系动词亦称联系动词（Link Verb），作为系动词。有些不具词义；有些具有词义，但不能单独用作谓语，后边必须跟表语（亦称补语），构成系表结构说明主语的状况、性质、特征等情况。 1）状态系动词 　用来表示主语状态，只有be一词， 2）持续系动词 　用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度，主要有keep, rest, remain, stay, lie, stand, 3）表像系动词 　用来表示看起来像这一概念，主要有seem, appear, look 4）感官系动词 　感官系动词主要有feel, smell, sound, taste 5）变化系动词 　这些系动词表示主语变成什么样，变化系动词主要有become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run 6）终止系动词 　表示主语已终止动作，主要有prove, turn out, 表达证实，变成之意 ②助动词最常用的助动词有：be, have, do, shall, will, should, would 1) 助动词自身没有词义，不可单独使用 2) 助动词协助主要动词完成以下功用， a. 表示时态， 　　He has got married. b. 表示语态， 　　He was sent to England. c. 构成疑问句， 　　Do you like college life? d. 与否定副词not合用，构成否定句， 　　I dont like him. e. 加强语气， He did know that. ③情态动词情态动词是一种本身有一定的词义，但要与动词原形一起使用，给谓语动词增添情态色彩，表示说话人对有关行为或事物的态度和看法，认为其可能、应该或必要等。 ①只做情态动词： must, can (could), may (might), shall (should), will (wo