白口铁抗小麦籽粒粉料的磨料磨损试验研究.docVIP

白口铁抗小麦籽粒粉料的磨料磨损试验研究 张克平 (甘肃农业大学工学院 兰州 730070) 关键词 小麦 辊式磨粉机 磨料磨损 磨辊 磨损特性 中图分类号：TH117.1 文献标志码：A 文章编号： Experiment of White Iron Abrasive Wear for Wheat Grain Powder Zhang Keping Jiang Liangpeng Yao Yaping (College of Engineering, GanSu Agricultural University, Lan Zhou 730070，China) Ahe abrasive testing machine which similar to the roller mills was used to study the abrasive wear condition between rollers and materials. The orthogonal test was used and the main factor which affect the wear properties such as abrasive particle size, rotation speed and rolling gap of rollers were considered in order to find out the best value of each factor and the optimum condition of wheat grinding. The surface morphology of white iron which was the experiment material was observed by the scanning electron microscope. The results showed that the abrasive particle size is the most important factor which affected the wear properties. The main wear forms were plastic spalling, repeated fatigue wear and the brittle spalling. The conclusion could provide basic reference to improve the wear resistance of grinding roller and reduce the metallic pollution during wheat powder processing. Key words wheat, roller mill, abrasive wear, roller, wear properties 0引言 小麦制粉过程并不是9]认为，软磨料在磨损过程中会产生硬化现象，当硬化后的磨料硬度超过材料硬度时，便具备了硬磨料磨损的特征。Rabinowicz E[10]认为，硬度仅为一个统计值，是软磨料中混杂着的硬磨粒对硬材料中较软的部位进行了磨损。吴劲锋[11-14]及其课题组就苜蓿草粉对金属材料的磨损机制进行了众多研究。赵博彦等[15]选用湿砂为磨料进行磨损试验以探讨白口铁的软磨料磨损机制。 降低磨辊磨耗以减少面粉内磁性金属含量是保证食用安全的前提。因而，本文应用正交试验优化设计，选用小麦籽粒粉料为磨料、白口铁为被磨材料，利用与辊式制粉工况相似的三体磨料磨损试验机进行磨损试验，研究小麦籽粒粉料对白口铁磨损性能的影响，初步探讨磨损机制。研究结果亦可为磨粉机操作参数设定，粉磨工艺优化以及磨辊耐磨材料的研制提供理论指导。 1试验方案 1.1试样和磨料的特性参数 试样选用KmTBCr2白口铁，进行规格为57.0 mm×25.5 mm×6.0 mm的线切割加工，断口色显白且不做热处理。试验前，试样均需采用消磁，除静电，酒精清洗烘干的方式进行预处理。磨料选用自然风干后的甘肃产西旱号小麦籽粒，经粉碎处理后，通过分级筛筛分出符合试验粒度规格的小麦籽粒粉料。表1所示为试样化学组分，表2所示为磨料特性参数。 表1试样化学组分 /% 试样 C Si Mn Cr Mo Ni Cu S P KmTBCr2 2.1~3.6 ≤1.2 ≤2.0 1.5~3.0 ≤1.0 ≤1.0 ≤1.2 ≤0.1 ≤0.15 表2磨料特性参数 /% 样品名称 淀粉 粗蛋白 水分 脂肪 粗纤维 粗灰分 小麦籽粒粉料 71.8 12.9 9.8 2.2 1.7 1.6 1.2试验装置与方法 选用ML