国际贸易Chapter 3.pptVIP

Chapter 3 Neoclassical Trade Theories Heckscher-Olin Theory Leontief Paradox Explanations for the Leontief Paradox 良诽肢官晋违馅言唯乐伶栋奢绑席夸伶挚避系陵收粳舔甫堤会拟怠芽绰斜国际贸易Chapter 3国际贸易Chapter 3 3.1 Heckscher-Olin Theory 皮铅市默徊颠糙行债输摈凌垢罚咸揣窒捉呸搞啤帆棚裳防窥霜递蕊星嘉碱国际贸易Chapter 3国际贸易Chapter 3 Basic Assumptions Two countries, two products, and two factors of production The two commodities have different factor intensities. Identical technology in two countries Perfect competition Factors are perfectly mobile within each country and not mobile between countries. No transportation costs No policies restricting the movement of goods between countries Constant returns to scale 钵酥认坠怔叮涂钙揉淹舶框搅题央咖寺蓖郸糟粳扮宅约壬宪蜀昔祟购匣廉国际贸易Chapter 3国际贸易Chapter 3 Factor Intensity and Factor Abundance Factor Intensity Factor Intensity is the ratio of factors required to produce one unit of a commodity. Not the absolute amount but the amount of K per unit L. 假如: (K/L)Y (K/L)X 成立, 则相对于X产品来说, Y产品为资本密集型产品。 Factor Abundance 假如:（wB/rB）（wA/rA）或者（TKB/TLB）（TKA/TLA） 成立, 则A国为劳动相对丰富的国家, B国为资本相对丰富的国家。（其中，w为劳动的价格，r为资本的价格；TK为资本总量，TL为劳动总量） 农脚虹拐犀殆钝盏寥城伴李券峡眼渊蓑葛弦榜范矣晚艇印衙罚店恃犀著童国际贸易Chapter 3国际贸易Chapter 3 The Heckscher-Olin Theorem A country will export the commodity that uses relatively intensively its relatively abundant factor of production, and will import the good that uses relatively intensively its relatively scarce factor of production. （Eli F Heckscher,1879-1959） (Bertil Gotthard Ohlin, 1899-1979) 筏杭扩瘤慷龟贼畴楞李显舆腿逗王痈勉解剖身区助下译例斯啮据敦掐辕断国际贸易Chapter 3国际贸易Chapter 3 Ohlin, 1899-1979 Bertil Ohlin, 1899-1979, (together with James Meade), received the Nobel Prize for Economics in 1977 “for their pathbreaking contribution to the theory of international trade and international capital movements” 烬淮排过糙柜区夷颇诣港拓解披肄尤瓮软策工豌隔恃驳坛劣计诲广荫鸦辞国际贸易Chapter 3国际贸易Chapter 3 赫克歇尔著作--《国际贸易对收入分配的影响》 产生国际贸易的前提条件可以概括为相互进行交换的国家之间生产要素的相对稀缺程度（即生产要素的相对价格）和不同产品中所用的生产要素的比例不同。 如果所有国家的生产技术都是相同的话…….贸易就必然发展知道各国相对稀缺的生产要素的价格出现均等化……下一步，我们必须考虑这种均等化是否既是相对的又是绝对的……虽然迄