DNS DHCP tutorial Technion教程 DNS及DHCP技术.pptVIP

Internet Networking Spring Semester 2007, Dept. of Computer Science, Technion * Spring Semester 2009, Dept. of Computer Science, Technion Internet Networkingrecitation #2 DNS and DHCP * Domain Name System - DNS Provides mapping from ASCII domain names to IP addresses Hierarchical naming system. The set of names is divided into mutually exclusive parts. Supplies mechanism for global data storage and information retrieval. Most important principles: Distributed system – set of servers sharing information. Efficiency - most of the requests resolved by local servers. Use of Caching. Reliability – works even if some of the servers fail. * DNS tree root org com gov net il cnn ibm gov co ac tau technion * Reliability over UDP DNS is an application which runs over UDP Advantage: not as complex as TCP. Disadvantage: requires reliability implementation at application level . Reliability scheme: Time out. Retransmissions - resends timed out query to a different server. * DNS Terms Domain name: any name represented in the DNS format \.name.example DNS label: each string between two .“ ac.il – 2 labels DNS zone: a set of names that are under the same authority cs.technion.ac.il, ee.technion.ac.il and www.technion.ac.il Delegation: transfer of authority for a domain is a delegation from org. * DNS Elements Resolver: stub: simple, only asks questions; recursive: takes simple query and makes all necessary steps to get the full answer. Server (some perform both roles at the same time): authoritative: the servers that contain the zone file for a zone, one Primary, one or more Secondaries; caching: a recursive resolver that stores prior results and reuses them. * How Does DNS Work? The resolver sends a DNS request message over UDP to a local domain name server. DNS caches store data for a short time defined by TTL on the Record. When a name server does not have the requested information, it starts at longest match on query name it has when looking for data. The root s