宝莱坞对华莱坞的启示媒介生态位的理论模型与实测-中国传媒报告.docVIP

宝莱坞对华莱坞的启示：媒介生态位的理论模型与实测分析 廖卫民 （中国传媒大学新闻传播学博士后流动站 北京 100024） E-mail：Liao_weimin@ [摘 要] 在媒介生态学的理论研究视野下，基于生态位宽度的实测分析可以发现，以宝莱坞为代表的印度电影业，形成了以孟买为首的多个生产中心各就各位、各领风骚的发展态势；印度电影在语言维度上具有鲜明的生态多样性，在类型维度上则具有极致的单一性，即呈现出生态位上的集中重叠特征，其原因在于印度政府、电影制作方和观众都倾注于“社会片”类型电影的资源开掘之中，对外形成了强化印度电影作为整体与外界的区隔，对内形成了多样化的生态种群和相关产业的共生繁荣，最终营造出了宝莱坞电影的生态丛林景观。对于印度电影的数据解剖和定性讨论，让我们感受到印度电影在生态位上的多样性和单一性的复杂关系和矛盾统一，同时也让我们窥探到印度电影生态位定位的秘密所在，让我们看清印度电影业在其本土化和全球化过程中的生态位策略，从而对华莱坞电影发展提供有益启示。 [关键词] 宝莱坞； 华莱坞； 印度电影； 生态位； 生态位宽度； 媒介生态学 Bollywood’s Inspirations for Huallywood: Theoretical Models and Numerical Measurement of Media Niches in Indian Film Industry LIAO Weimin (Postdoctoral Station of Journalism and Communication Studies, Communication University of China, Beijing, 100024, China) Abstract: In the perspective of media ecology, the Indian film industry, which is represented by Bollywood, has already formed a developing situation that boast multiple film making centers have their appropriate niches leaded by Mumbai, after undertaking a numerical analysis about the niche breadth of those centers. It is indicated that those centers possess the diversity of niches in the dimension of language and the simplicity of niches in the dimension of genre, which is a typical feature of “niche overlap”. Since the government of India, film industry and the audiences put together all sorts of resources into the category of “Social” films, finally, it constitute a marvelous landscape of ecological forest by enhancing India film industry as a strong-tie body to be distinguished from the outside, as well as forming multiple ecological subgroups and co-existing and mutual booming for the relative industry. After undertaking data analysis and qualitative discussion about Indian film, actually, we might be touched by the complex relation between both features, and the secret of the strategies would be revealed simultaneously. The ecological niches’ strategies adopted by Indian film industry in the process of localizatio