PENICILLIN-G.pptVIP

PENICILLIN-G Dr.Hisham Abou-Auda by: muhammad T. AL-abdulmughni MECHANISM OF ACTION Penicillin-G inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis by binding to one or more of the penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs). THERAPEUTIC USES actinomycin. Anaerobic bacteria. Anthrax. Arthritis. Bactremia. Gonorrhea. Clostridia infections…etc. PHARMACOKINETIC Absorption: (F) Oral: less than 30%. DISTRIBUTION: 1-Vd=33 Liters. 2-TOTAL PROTEIN BINDING: 65%. METABOLISM: By the Liver, 30%. PHARMACOKINETIC (cont,) EXCRETION: 1-Kidney: 79% to 85%. 2-Liver: small amounts. HALF-LIFE: 1-normal: ?20 to 50 minutes. 2-Renal failure: 1 to 10 hours. THERAPEUTIC DOSE Adult: 1-oral: 200,000 to 500,000 units every 4 to 6 hours. 2-intravenous(IV) and intramuscular(IM): it is depend on the bacterial infection microorganism. THERAPEUTIC DOSE (cont,) PEDIATRIC: 1-oral: (there are three dose) A- from 4167 to 15,000 Units/Kg/4 hr. B- from 6250 to 22,500 Units/Kg/6 hr. C- from 8333 to 30,000 Units/Kg/8 hr. THERAPEUTIC DOSE (cont,) PEDIATRIC (cont,): -Intravenous(IV) and intramuscular(IM): it is depend on the bacterial infection microorganism. CONTRAINDICATIONS History of anaphylaxis, accelerated or serum sickness reaction to previous penicillin administration. patients with a history of penicillin or cephalosporin hypersensitivity reactions. ?ADVERSE REACTIONS Blood: anemia, granulocytoma, leukopnia. CVS: myocardial infarction, cardiac arrest, myocarditis. CNS: muscular twitching, myoclonic jerks, convulsions, and encephalopathy. Hypokalemia, hyperkalemia. GIT: abdominal pain. DRUG-DRUG INTERACTION: Aminoglycosid. Chloramphinicol. Cimitidine. Tetracycllin. Colestipol. Methotrexate. Acetylcysteine. Probenecid…etc. * *