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定语从句

定语从句 梁娟 山西省交城第二中学校 Look at the pair sentences. Pay attention to the underlined parts and italics. There is a beautiful girl there. There is a girl who is beautiful there. Tom has a blue bag. Tom has a bag which is blue. Here is a tall tree. Here is a tree that is tall. 一定义 定语从句:在复合句中修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。限制性定语从句对被修饰的先行词有限定制约作用,使该词的含义更具体,更明确。限制性定语从句不能被省略,否则句意就不完整。与主句之间没有逗号。 非限制性定语从句与先行词关系不十分密切,只是对其作一些附加说明,不起限定制约作用。如果将非限制性定语从句省去,主句的意义仍然完整。与主句之间有逗号隔开。 先行词:被定语从句修饰的名词或代词就叫先行词。 引导词(关联词)引出定语从句并在定语从句中充当成分的词。 二引导词 引导词包括关系代词和关系副词。位于先行词和定语从句之间。 关系代词:which, who, whom, whose, that, as. 关系副词:when, where, why. 基本结构:先行词+引导词+定语从句剩余部分 三(※)引导词的判断方法 定语从句的引导词的判断原则 1 看先行词是人还是物 2 看定语从句缺什么成分(缺宾语时可省 略使用引导词) 3 选定合适的引导词 四练习 1. This is the bag _____ my mother bought yesterday. A. that B. who C. whom D. this 2. The man _____ lives next to us is my English teacher. A. whom B. which C. who D. / 3.October 1, 1949 is the day _____ we’ll never forget. A. when B. that C. where D. this 五特殊情况 1.只能用that不能用which引导的定语从句: 1) 先行词被形容词最高级修饰时,定语从句只能用that This is the most interesting story (that) I have ever heard. 2)先行词被序数词修饰时,定语从句只能用that The children like the second lesson that is about “The Football Match”. 3)先行词被the only,the very 或the same等修饰,定语从句只能用that引导。 It is the only word (that) I know in the passage. Where is the very book (that) I bought just now? This is the (same) bicycle (that) I lost. 4)先行词为everything,something,anything,all,none,much,little,few等不定代词时,定语从句只能用that I want everything (that) I want. I am writing to tell you about something very strange that happened to me last week 5)先行词被不定代词all, any, no, every, little, much, many修饰时,只能用that Here is all the money (that) I have. 6)先行词是同时含有“人和物”的名词时,定语从句只能用that I can remember well the persons and some pictures (that) I see in the room. 7)定语从句所修饰的词为the one 时,定语从句用that引导 Is it the one(that)you want? 8)为了避免重复,在疑问词who之后,用that 引导定语从句 Who is the girl that won the first place?

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