影视总结-theory.ppt

Auteur[?:t?:] Theory作者论 The auteur, then, was a person who was able to stamp his own identity on(在…上打上印记) a film despite the commercial restraints of the studio system.所谓“作者”，就是在商业化的电影工厂制度的种种局限下仍然可以在电影中烙上自己独特烙印的人。 The auteur was contrasted to the metteur en scene(法语，匠人), the director for hire for whom directing films was a job(or at most a craft) rather than an art form.与作者相反的就是“匠人”，指的是为别人工作，把导演工作作为一种职业（或作为一种技巧），而不是作为一种艺术创作。 It allows the critic to gather together separate works into definite groupings that can be analyzed on the basis of their distinctive stylistic and thematic features, and it helps to draw attention to the work of some of the most creative figures working in the film industry.批评家们可以借助作者论分析电影的独特风格和主题，并依此把不同的电影作品分类。同时，作者论还可以让我们更加关注电影界最才华横溢的那些人物的作品。 Structuralism结构主义理论 Structuralism is a method of analyzing phenomena that is characterized by contrasting the elemental structures of the phenomenon in a system of binary二元的 oppositions. Or, to put it slightly differently, structuralist approaches try to look beyond the surface details of a phenomenon in an attempt to define the deeper organizing structures-structures that take the form of oppositions. Such as “black/white”, “good/evil”, “civilization/barbarism”, etc. 结构主义是一种分析现象的手段，其方法是在二元对立系统中分析这个现象的基本结构。或者，换句话说，结构主义者看的不是现象的表面，而是试图分析深层次的结构——这些结构采取对立的形式。如“黑与白”、“善与恶”、“文明与野蛮”等。 Wilderness蛮荒 Civilization文明 The Individual个人： The Community集体： Freedom自由 Restriction限制 Honor荣誉 Institutions体制 Self-Knowledge自知之明 Illusion幻想 Integrity刚正 Compromise折衷 Self-Interest 个人利益 Social Responsibility 社会责任 Solipsism唯我 Democracy民主 Wilderness蛮荒 Civilization文明 Nature自然： Culture文化： Purity纯洁 Corruption腐败 Experience经验 Knowledge知识 Empiricism感性经验 Legalism墨守陈规 Pragmatism实用主义 Idealism理想主义 Brutalization野蛮 Refinement文雅 Savagery野性 Humanity人性 Wilderness蛮荒 Civilization文明 The West西部： The East东部： America美国 Europe欧洲 The Frontier拓荒 America美国 Equality平等 Class阶级 Agrarianism土地均分 Industrialism工业制度 Tradition传统 Change变革 The Past过去 The Future未来 Femi