Nursing 3703 Pharmacology Digestive System Drugs护理3703药理学消化系统药物.pptVIP

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Nursing 3703 Pharmacology Digestive System Drugs护理3703药理学消化系统药物.ppt

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Nursing 3703 Pharmacology Digestive System Drugs护理3703药理学消化系统药物

Nursing 3703PharmacologyDigestive System Drugs By Linda Self APN, MSN, CCRN Effects of Drugs on the Digestive System Digestive system and drug therapy have a reciprocal relationship Some medications cause GI symptoms (e.g. EES); conversely, some GI disorders alter the absorption and metabolism of drugs (liver failure) Drugs affecting the GI tract include: laxatives, antidiarrheals, antiemetics, drugs used in acid-peptic disorders . Others include cholinergics (Aricept) anticholinergics (atropine), corticosteroids and anti-infectives. Review physiology of the digestive system Organs and some associated disorders Oral cavity-stomatitis Esophagus-GERD Stomach—peptic ulcers, gastritis Small intestine—malabsorption, Inflammatory bowel Large intestine—diarrhea, constipation Pancreas—pancreatitis, Diabetes, ARDS Gallbladder—cholestasis,cholelithiasis, cholecystitis Liver—hepatitis, cirrhosis Cell protective mechanisms in stomach Secretion of mucus and bicarbonate Dilution of gastric acid by food and secretions Prevention of diffusion of HCL from the stomach lumen back into the gastric mucosal lining Presence of prostaglandin E Alkalinization of gastric secretions by pancreatic juices and bile Cell Destructive Effects in Stomach Gastric acid, secreted by parietal cells Paretal cells contain receptrors for acetylcholine, gastrin and histamine, all of which stimulate gastric acid production Acetylcholine is released by vagus nerve endings in response to stimuli, such as thinking about food Cell destructive effects cont. Gastrin is a hormone released by the stomach and duodenum in response to food ingestion. Affects parietal cells which in turn causes gastric acid to be released in stomach. Histamine is released from cells in the gastric mucosa and diffuses into nearby parietal cells Pepsin is a proteolytic enzyme that helps digest protein foods and also can digest the stomach wall Cell destructive effects H. pylori is a gram negative bacterium found in the gastric mu