Optical Properties of Metal Nanoparticles Server金属纳米颗粒的光学特性服务器.pptVIP

Optical Properties of Metal Nanoparticles Introduction Surface plasmon resonance Literature review Michael Faraday was first to report the study of the synthesis and colors of colloidal gold. In 1908, Mie explained this phenomenon by solving Maxwell’s equation. Mie theory predicted optical extinction of homogenous spherical particles 2Rλ for very small particles as (extinction = scattering + absorption) Synthesis processes Wet chemical process Mechanical process Form in phase Gas phase synthesis Electroless deposition Size dependence The changes gold–blue–purple–red are largely geometric ones that can be explained with Mie theory, which describes light-scattering by a sphere. When the metal nanoparticle is larger than the ~30 nm, the electrons oscillating with the light is not perfectly in phase. Some electrons get behind; this phenomenon is called retardation effect or phase retardation. The subsequent changes, reddish - brown to orange to colorless, are due to quantum size effects. Surrounding medium The surface plasmon resonance peak changes with its own dielectric properties and those of its local environment including the substrate, solvent, and adsorbates. This principle that the high sensitivity of the surface plasmon resonance spectrum of noble metal nanoparticles to adsorbate-induced changes in the dielectric constant of the surrounding nanoenvironment used in chemosensing and biosensing. Particle density Beginning from the left “glass is doped with gold nanoparticles” and spacing between them is large. In the right side figure ‘the bulk gold is doped with glass’. As the spacing is reduced, dipole interactions become increasingly important. Applications These differences in properties of nanoparticles are used in microelectronics, quantum dot lasers, chemical sensors, data storage, and a host of other applications. Possible future applications of nanoparticles include the areas of ultrafast data communication and optical data storage, solar energy con