PHONETICS3 CIIT Virtual Campus Digital Library语音3美国虚拟校园数字图书馆.pptxVIP

PHONETICS (3) Dr. Ansa Hameed Previously Phonetics Articulatory Phonetics Acoustic Phonetics Auditory Phonetics Today’s Lecture English Phonetics Vowels and Cosonants Phonetics (English) English Language (26 Alphabets) Sounds (44) Vowels (20) Consonants (24) Vowels A vowel is defined as: “a voiced sound in forming which the air issues in a continuous stream through the pharynx and mouth, there being no obstruction and no narrowing such as would cause audible friction”. -Daniel Jones Vowels vowels Classification of Vowels English monophthongs English diphthongs English Triphthongs Vowels Phonetic classification of Vowels Vowel sounds are classified according to: the position of the tongue in the mouth, the openness of the mouth, the shape of the lips, and the length of the vowels. Vowels 1) the position of the tongue in the mouth Front vowels are the ones in the production of which the front part of the tongue is raised the highest such as [i:] [i] [e] [?] [a]. vowels When the central part of the tongue maintains its highest position, the vowels thus produced are central vowels such as [3:] [?] and [?] . vowels If the back of the tongue is held the highest, the vowels thus produced are back vowels such as [u:][u] vowels Vowels 2)the openness of the mouth close vowels: [i:] [i] [u:] and [u]; semi-close vowels: [e] and [3;] semi-open vowels: [?] and [?:] open vowels: [?] [a] [?] [? ] and [?:]. Vowels 3) the shape of the lips rounded vowels: All the back vowels in English are rounded except [ɑ:]. unrounded vowels: All the front vowels and central vowels in English are unrounded. vowels 4)the length of vowels long vowels: They are usually marked with a colon such as[i:] and [ɑ:] short vowels: other vowels in English are short vowels such as [e],[?] and [?]. Vowels Diphthongs RP has large number of diphthongs, sounds which consist of a movement or glide from one vowel to ano