Preanalytical Laboratory Errors North Seattle College前分析实验室错误北西雅图学院.pptVIP

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Pre-analytical Laboratory Errors Tim Guirl MT (ASCP) Phlebotomy Instructor North Seattle Community College Health Human Services Division Objectives Identify the significant pre-analytical errors that can occur during blood specimen collection and transport Explain the various means of pre-analytical error prevention List proactive steps to reduce potential pre-analytical errors associated with blood collection and transport Introduction Three phases of laboratory testing: pre-analytical, analytical and post-analytical Pre-analytical—specimen collection, transport and processing Analytical—testing Post-analytical—testing results transmission, interpretation, follow-up, retesting. Phlebotomy Errors Phlebotomy is a highly complex skill requiring expert knowledge, dexterity and critical judgment It is estimated that one billion venipunctures are performed annually in the U.S. Phlebotomy errors may cause harm to patients or result in needlestick injury to the phlebotomist Pre-analytical errors Pre- and post-analytical errors are estimated to constitute 90% of errors Errors at any stage of the collection, testing and reporting process can potentially lead to a serious patient misdiagnosis Errors during the collection process are not inevitable and can be prevented with a diligent application of quality control, continuing education and effective collection systems Types of Collection Errors Patient Identification Phlebotomy Technique Test Collection Procedures Specimen Transport Specimen Processing Patient Identification Errors Errors in correctly identifying the patient are indefensible Reasons for patient identification errors Proper positive patient identification procedures not followed Patient identification from identification bracelet (inpatients) Patient identification by asking patients to state or spell their full name (inpatients/outpatients) Patient identification by staff or family member