PRIMER v6 StFXV6发动机stfx底漆.pptVIP

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PRIMER v6 StFXV6发动机stfx底漆.ppt

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PRIMER v6 StFXV6发动机stfx底漆

PRIMER v6 Non-metric Multidimensional AnalysisAnalysis of SimilaritiesSimilarity Percentages Non-Metric Multidimensional Analysis(NMDS) used for visualization of similarities or dissimilarities in data map of samples in 2D or 3D NMDS Distances between sample points represent dissimilarity between communities Requires no/few assumptions Complex algorithm, but simple to interpret 1 2 3 NMDS - steps Data entry ( transformations) -type in raw data -import from Excel -import from previous analysis NMDS - steps 2. Similarity or dissimilarity matrix - Bray-Curtis dissimilarity; distance NMDS - steps 3. Perform non-parametric regression -Shepard diagram NMDS - steps 4. Measure goodness of fit (calculate stress = distances of points in plot from regression line) ???j?k?djk-djk?2/?j?kd2jk) NMDS - steps 5. Perturb the configuration – in direction of decreasing stress 6. Repeat until no further decrease in stress (global minimum vs. local minimum) NMDS - notes Stress should low: 0.05 excellent 0.1 good 0.2 should be checked 0.3 near random Usually lower stress with higher dimensionality NMDS - notes Shepard diagram – outliers ** no absolute scales, no units ** only relative distance apart is meaningful ANALYSIS OF SIMILARITY(ANOSIM) approximate analog of ANOVA tests Null hypo. = no assemblage differences ANOSIM Multiple options: - one-way layout - two-way crossed layout - two way crossed (no replicates) - two-way nested ANOSIM - steps Compute R-stat Re-compute R under different configurations of sample labels Calculate significance level ANOSIM - notes Operates on resemblance matrix Minimal assumptions SIMILIRITY PERCENTAGES(SIMPER) After differences are shown, move on to interpretation of differences Compares contributions of species to differences between communities (samples) Calculates percent contributions SIMPER PRIMER EXAMPLE COMMUNITY STRUCTURE OF ROCKY INTERTIDAL SHORES FACTORS: Shore (Tor B