Rapid Prototyping An Alternative Instructional Design快速原型设计替代教学设计.pptVIP

Rapid Prototyping:An Alternative Instructional Design StrategyS. D. Tripp and B. Bichelmeyer (1990) A Practical Discussion What is it? Why use it? Why does it work? What does it look like? What are the pitfalls? Why doesn’t everyone use it? Rapid PrototypingWhat Is It? Tripp’s Model of Rapid Prototyping: Design methodology Applicable to instructional design for computer-based instruction Extend into a new domain Classical approach to software development -- the waterfall cycle concept definition requirements definition preliminary design detailed design code implementation test and acceptance [griping] Rapid prototyping -- the spiral cycle: concept definition implementation of a skeletal system user evaluation and concept refinement implementation of refined requirements user evaluation and concept refinement implementation of refined requirements etc., etc., in a continuous cycle. What is it? Why use it? Rapid Prototyping May Be Done 1. to test out a user interface; 2. to test the database structure and flow of information in a training system; 3. to test the effectiveness and appeal of a particular instructional strategy; 4. to develop a model case or practice exercise that can serve as a template for others; 5. to give clients and sponsors a more concrete model of the intended instructional product; 6. to get user feedback and reactions to two competing approaches. Rapid Prototyping Why Does It Work? An example of rapid prototyping First pass: /~aaps/OLDoz A lot of text, kids dont want to read this much text off of a computer screen Second attempt: /~aaps/disaster/dszt_wel.htm More graphics in this one. Third generation: /~aaps/mygeology/ This version goes to an opening imagemap, rather than text. First version Second version Third version Different views about RP Rapid prototyping should include all the required database, the major program modules, screen displays, and inputs and outputs for the interacting systems. (Tripp, Bic