Review Exam II Sacramento State复习考试国王队.pptVIP

Review Exam II Cambodia Thailand Myanmar Exam II 40 points 2 slides (subject, date, period date, country, facts) Comparison and contrast (2 slides) Focus: periods between 12th-14th centuries, religious concepts, historical information, architectural techniques, media Religion Thailand and Burma (12th-14th): Theravada Buddhism: art focuses on life of the Buddha Cambodia: Hinduism and Mahayana Buddhism; Hindu art: Siva and Vishnu, the Churning of the Sea of Milk, historical events; Mahayana art: Buddha protected by Nagahoods, Lokesvara, and Prajnaparamita Animistic practices Angkor Wat King Suryavarman II (c. 1112-1150 CE) Hindu temple, facing West (direction of death), associates with Vishnu It symbolizes the center of the universe, Mount Meru The moat symbolizes the oceans surrounding the earth The succession of concentric galleries represent the mountain ranges that surround Mount Meru The towers (Gopura) represent the mountain’s peaks It was converted to Theravada temple in the 15th century The Bayon temple Built during the reign of King Jayavarman VII (late 12th to 13th centuries) Temple facing East and West direction It is built in Greek cross plan; the main shrine is circular in shape and has 12 subsidiary chapels radiating out from it. There were 49 towers (only 37 are standing); each has four colossal heads, dominate the four quarters of the world The main temple is surrounded by rectangular roofed galleries which are punctuated by towers at the corners and at the center of each side; at ground level, outer closure,, is surrounded by a a gallery with corner pavilions and gopuras Between 2nd and 3rd enclosure are 16 large chapels where Buddhist deities were housed. The Bayon temple At the S gate is a bridge that represents the churning of the Sea of Milk; Naga represents rainbow and bridge of heaven; crossing from the world of man to the world of gods Thai Art Sukhothai (13th-15th centuries): Walking Buddha, the Descent from Heaven, and Buddhist painting