实验室减压贮藏研究中的实验错误及应对.pdf

文章编号：CAR193 实验室减压贮藏研究中的实验错误及应对 Stanley P. Burg1 郑先章 2 （1.美国 VacuFresh 公司 佛罗里达州 迈阿密 33133 ；2.上海善如水保鲜科技有限公司 上海 200237 ） 摘 要 实验室减压贮藏研究中的实验错误，阻碍了减压贮藏的商业化发展。水果在密封的实验室减压室中，生物学上微量 C H 在日常通风前积聚的浓度而导致水果成熟。大气进入低压系统时发生膨胀同时相对湿度减低。贮藏在连续换气的实验室 2 4 减压室中的物品，当进入的空气不是在低压而是错误地在大气压力下被潮湿时就会发生干燥。减压室泄漏也会引起物品过多 失水。贮藏压力愈低，漏入真空室空气的膨胀和干燥愈烈，膨胀了的空气体积与在低压下潮湿的空气的体积相比也愈大。空 气中水蒸汽的扩散系数、冷凝传热系数，以及物品的蒸腾、传导系数均随压力减低而增加。真空室温度不均匀时，物品与真 空室内壁最冷点之间产生的蒸发-冷凝循环就会发展，而引起物品干燥。本文对述上述实验研究中存在的问题提出解决方案。 关键词 低压贮藏 传热 失水 呼吸 乙烯 Stanley P. Burg1 Zheng Xianzhang 2 （1. VacuFresh Co., Miami , Florida, USA 33133 ； 2. Shanghai Kind-water Preservation Fresh Tech Co., Ltd., Shanghai，200237 ，China ） Abstract Experimental errors in laboratory hypobaric research have discouraged commercial development of hypobaric storage. Fruit ripening has occurred prematurely in sealed laboratory hypobaric chambers when a biologically active C2H4 concentration accumulated prior to daily ventilations. Because incoming atmospheric air expands and decreases in RH during entry into a low-pressure system commodities stored in flow-through laboratory hypobaric chambers have desiccated when air-changes were mistakenly humidified at atmospheric pressure rather than a low pressure. Chamber leakage also has caused excessive commodity water loss. The lower the storage pressure, the more the in-leaking air expands and dries as it enters a flow-through vacuum chamber, and the greater the expanded air’s volume becomes relative to the controlled low-pressure humidified air-change. Reducing the pressure increases water vapor’s diffusion coefficient in air, the heat transfer coefficient for