Chapter 2 Primitive Data Types and Operations.pptVIP

Liang, Introduction to C++ Programming, (c) 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. 013225445X Chapter 2 Primitive Data Types and Operations Objectives To know the structure of simple C++ programs To know the concept of identifiers, variables, constants To learn the use of assignment statements and expressions To learn primitive data types §1.1 Simple Programs Listing 2.1 Computing the Area of a Circle Trace the Execution #include iostream int main() { double radius; double area; // Step 1: Read in radius radius = 20; // Step 2: Compute area area = radius * radius * 3.14159; // Step 3: Display the area std::cout The area is ; std::cout area std::endl; } Trace the Execution Trace the Execution Trace the Execution Trace the Execution Reading Input from the Keyboard std::cin An object to read input from the standard input device, i.e. keyboard. §1.2 Variables and Constants Identifier A sequence of characters that consists of letters, digits, and underscores (_), And start with a letter or an underscore (digit? No!). An identifier can be of any length in C++ standard but your C++ compiler may impose some restriction. Use identifiers of 31 characters or fewer to ensure portability. Reserved word A special word that predefined in the language’s formal specifications It cannot be used as a user-defined name Data type names, code construct labels, etc. See Appendix A for a list of reserved words Namespace What is std? The “standard” namespace std::cout, std::endl, and std::cin Namespace A container of a group of identifiers To resolve potential naming conflicts Two special namespaces The global namespace: the default one std: the namespace of C++ standard Namespace is hierarchical Namespace How to use namespace Add prefix to every reference: std::cout“Hello”; Add an overall statement: using namespace std; //use the whole space using std::cout; //use the specific identifier How to declare namespace Variables V