chapter 3 Compounding.pptVIP

d: air-condition: from air-conditioning a: mass-produce: from mass production b: window-dress: from window-dressing布置橱窗 c: proof-read: from proof-reader e: edit: from editor f: automate; automation g: gloom: from gloomy h: greed: from greedy I: to window-shop: from window-shopping: look at displays of goods in store windows without entering the stores to buy anything. * Unit 3 Word Formation: compounding Compounding is a process of word formation by which two independent words are put together to make one word. The word formed in this way is called compound A. According to orthographic criterion, compounds are written in three ways: 1) solid, such as bedtime 2)hyphenated, such as above-mentioned 3) open, such as reading material Phonologically, compounds can often be identified as having a main stress on the first element and a secondary stress on the second element. `old /friends `new /friends `pure /scientists Semantically, compounds can often be identified as “ having a meaning which may be related to but can not simply be inferred from the meaning of its parts. A darkroom is not just a room that is dark, rather a room used for photographic processing. 1. Noun Compounds In politics: a hot line: a telephone line for swift communication in emergencies between Moscow and Washington. (热线) hard-liner: a person following an uncompromising or extreme policy In economics: unit pricing: the pricing of a commodity expressed per unit of weight, volume,etc. (单价与兑价分标法) siege economics: extremely strict economical measures (极其严格的节约措施) In military fields: cruise missile: a low-flying subsonic guided missile (巡航导弹) laser bomb: bomb guided by laser 激光导弹 fox-bat (狐蝠式战斗机) In science and technology: black hole: a hypothetical celestial region formed from a collapsed star. (黑洞) biological clock: inherent mechanism that regulates cyclic physiological process in a living organism.(生物钟) s